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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2013;14(2):136-144
Adli değerlendirme için yönlendirilen küçük yaşta evlendirilmiş kız çocuklarının sosyodemografik özellikleri ve ruhsal değerlendirmesi
N Soylu, M Ayaz
Gaziantep Çocuk Hastanesi, Gaziantep
Amaç: Erken yaşta evlenme tüm dünyada azalmasına rağmen, kızların önemli bir kısmının çocuk yaşta evlendirilmesi sürmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, adli değerlendirme için yönlendirilen 15 yaşından önce evlendirilmiş kız çocuklarının sosyodemografik özelliklerini ve ruhsal bozukluk tanılarını incelemektir. Yöntem: Evlendirildiğinde 15 yaşını, değerlendirme sırasında 18 yaşını doldurmamış 48 kız çocuğu değerlendirilmiştir. Olguların dosyaları ve sosyal inceleme raporları ve düzenlenmiş adli raporları araştırmacılar tarafından geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Ruhsal bozukluk tanıları DSM-IV’e dayalı klinik görüşme ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar: Olguların %45.8’ine en az bir ruhsal bozukluk tanısı konduğu, majör depresif bozukluk ve uyum bozukluğunun en sık konulan tanılar olduğu saptanmıştır. Olguların %8.2’sinde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu saptanmıştır. Olguların %22.9‘u kendi isteği dışında evlendirilmişti. Olguların %14.6’sının evlendirildiği kişi tarafından fiziksel şiddete/istismara, %27.1’inin ise duygusal şiddete/istismara maruz kaldığı saptanmıştır. Olguların %29,2’sinde intihar düşüncesinin, %20,8’inde intihar girişiminin geliştiği bildirilmiştir. Olgular sosyodemografik özelliklerine göre gruplara ayrıldığında evliliği istemeyen, evlendirildiği kişiyi evlilik öncesi tanımayan, evlilik sonrası geniş ailede yaşayan, evlendirildiği kişi çalışmayan (işsiz, askerde, cezaevinde) ve evlendirildiği kişi tarafından fiziksel ve duygusal şiddete maruz kalan olgularda daha yüksek oranda ruhsal bozukluk saptanmıştır. Tartışma: Bulgularımız sadece adli değerlendirme için yönlendirilen olguları içermekle birlikte küçük yaşta evlendirilen kız çocuklarının ruhsal bozukluk açısından risk altında olduklarını göstermektedir. Sonuçlarımız çocuk yaşta evliliklerin önlenmesi ve erken evlendirilen kız çocuklarının ruh sağlığının korunması için gerekli adımların atılması gerektiğini düşündürmüştür.
Sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric evaluation of girls who were married at younger age and referred for criminal evaluation
Objective: Although the early marriage has decreased worldwide, considerable proportions of girls continue to marry as children. The aim of this study was to examine sociodemographic characteristics, and diagnosis of mental disorders of girls who married younger than 15 years and referred for criminal evaluation. Methods: Forty-eight girls who reported marriage prior to age 15 years, and at the time of evaluation prior to age 18 years were evaluated. Case files, and social observation reports were examined retrospectively by the researchers. The diagnosis of mental disorders was determined with clinical interview based on DSM-IV. Results: It was determined that 45.8% of cases had at least one mental disorder diagnosis and the most frequent diagnoses were major depressive disorder, and adjustment disorder. Posttraumatic stress disorder was detected in 8.2% of cases. 22.9% of cases were married without their consent. 14.6% of cases exposed to physical abuse, and 27.1% of cases had emotional violence by the person they married. 29.2% of cases reported suicidal ideation and 20.8% of cases had suicide attempts. When cases were categorized according to sociodemographic characteristics, a higher rate of mental disorder was found in the cases including marriages of those who did not want to marry, who did not know the person they married before the marriage, who lived in extended families after marriage, who married with people without jobs (unemployed, in prison, at military service), and those exposed to physical and emotional violence by the person they married. Discussion: Although the sample of our study comprises only cases were referred for criminal evaluation, our findings revealed that girls who were married at younger ages were at risk for mental disorders. Our results suggest that essential steps should be taken to protect mental health, and prevent early marriages.

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