Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2008; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 29>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi; 2008;3(29):115-129
Çok Kültürlülük, Kültürel Duyarlılık ve Psikolojik Danışma
Ö Karaırmak
Kocaeli Üniversitesi
Bu makalede, postmodernizmin etkisiyle ortaya çıkan çeşitlilik, kültürel farklılıklar, etnik köken ve kültürel kimlik gibi kavramların psikolojik danışma ve psikoterapi alanlarındaki çağdaş yaklaşımları şekillendir meye başlaması hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Farklı kültür gruplarından insanların yapılandırdıkları bireysel ger-çekliklerini, kültürel doğrularını ve inanışlarını kuramsal bir çerçeveye oturtan yapılandırmacı yaklaşımın etkisindeki çok kültürlülük bakış açısı sunulmuş ve bu anlayışın gerektirdiği kültürel duyarlılık tartışılmıştır. Batılı psikolojik danışma kuramları ile iyileştirici ve tedavi edici etkisi olan kültüre özgü öğeleri birleştirici köprüler sunan çok kültürlülük kavramının hakim olduğu bir metakuram ihtiyacı üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca, bireyselci ve kolektif toplumların özellikleri incelenmiş ve iki kavram arasında farklar göz önüne alınarak hızla globalleşen dünyada Avrupa Birliği’ne girme hazırlıklarında olan Türk toplumunun kolektif yapısını ne kadar koruduğu tartışılmıştır. Özet olarak, yapılandırmacı yaklaşımın etkisiyle ortaya çıktığı düşünülen psikolojik danışmada çok kültürlü anlayış ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Türkiye’deki psikolojik danışma uygulamalarına etkileri ve Türk kültürüne uygunluğu ayrıca tartışılmıştır.
Multiculturalism, Cultural Sensitivity and Counseling
In this study, information was given about some concepts like diversity, cultural differences, ethnicity or cultural identity shaping the contemporary approaches in counseling and psychotherapy. Multiculturalism under the influnce of constructivism which places cultural realities and beliefs and subjective truths constructed by individuals from diverse cultural groups in a theoretical framework was presented and cultural sensitivity was discussed. A need of metatheory offering integrative bridges between Western counseling theories and indigenous elements which have healing and curing effects was discussed from a multiculturalist view. In addition, the characteristics of individualist and collectivist cultures were briefly examined. To what extend Turkish society seeking a place within European Union in a rapidly globalizing world protects its collectivist structure was discussed. In summary, in the present study, multicultural understanding in counseling evolving under the influence of constructivist approach which underlines subjective realities and personal narratives were examined in detail. Its possible effects on counseling services in Turkey and applicability in Turkish culture were discussed as well.

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