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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Literatür Sempozyum; 2014;1(2):37-42
“Şizofrenojenik Anne” Kavramının Yeniden Gözden Geçirilmesi
S Birdal, M Arslan, E Kurt
Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları E. A. Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Günümüzde şizofreni hastalığı daha çok organik bir beyin hastalığı olarak kabul edilse de tamamen organik etiyolojiye dayanarak açıklanamayan hastalığın ortaya çıkış ve gelişmesinde çevresel faktörlerin etkisini araştırmak önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, önemli bir çevresel etken olarak ilk bakım verici olan annenin mizaç özellikleri ve ebeveyn tutumunun araştırılması ve From m -Reichmann’ın “şizofrenojenik anne” kavramının yeniden gözden geçirilmesi yararlı olabilir. Yöntem: Şizofreni tanısı almış hastaların anneleri (n=45) ile çocuklarından herhangi birinde psikotik bir bozukluk bulunmayan annelerin (n=48) ebeveyn tutumları ve mizaç özellikleri karşılaştırıldı. Mizaç özellikleri TEMPS-A Mizaç Ölçeği ile ebeveyn tutumu Aile Hayatı ve Çocuk Yetiştirme Tutumu Ölçeği (AHÇYTÖ-PARI) değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Şizofreni anneleri ile kontrol grubu arasında mizaç özellikleri ve ebeveyn tutumu açısından ista-tiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamadı.Tartışma: Konu ile ilgili olarak daha önce yürütülen kalitatif çalışmalar, “şizofrenik anne” kavramım destekleyen bulgular elde etmişken, bizim çalışmamız da dahil olmak üzere, kantitatif yöntemlerle yürütülen çalışmalarda gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmaması, yönteme ilişkin soruları gündeme getirmektedir. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda elde edilen veriler, “şizofrenojenik anne“ kavramıyla ifade edilen şizofreni oluşumunda annenin mizaç özellikleri ve tutumlarının etkili olduğu savını desteklememektedir.
A Review of the “Schizophrenogenic Mother” Concept
Objective: Although, today schizophrenia is considered as an organic brain impairment, it can’t be explained by purely endophenotypic indicators. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the impact of environmental factors in the development of schizophrenia. As an important environmental factor, examination of mother’s -the first caregiver, parental attitude towards the child may be helpful to understand the multifactorial etiology of schizophrenia. With this purpose, this research reexamines Fromm-Reichmann’s “schizophrenic mother” concept. Mother’s temperament is considered as a factor that may predict her parental attitude. Method: Parental attitudes and temperaments of the mothers of the patients diagnosed as schizophrenic (n=45) and control group mothers (n=48) were compared. Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-auto questionnaire version (TEMPS-A) and Parental Attitude Research Instrument were used. Findings: Results indicate no statistically significant difference between parental attitudes and temperaments of mothers of the patients diagnosed as schizophrenic and control groups. Furthermore, we found no relation between mother’s temperament and her parental attitude. Discussion: The fact that qualitative researches on the concept of “schizophrenic mother” reveal results promoting the concept whereas quantitative researches, including this one, indicate no difference between groups brings into question of methodological issues. Conclusion: Results of this study do not support the concept “schizophrenic mother” which implies a relation between mothers’s parenting behavior and her temperament and development of schizophrenia.

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