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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 11; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye'de Psikiyatri; 2009;11(1):26-29
Dikkat Eksikligi Hiperaktivite Bozukluğunda Manyetik Rezonans Goruntuleme
D Karadağ, YI Taner
Ufuk universitesi Tip Fakultesi Radyodiagnostik ABD, Ankara
Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) patofizyolojisi bilinmeyen nörogelişimsel kronik bir bozukluktur.
DEHB başlıca hiperaktivite, dürtü bozukluğu ve dikkat eksikliği ile karakterizedir. DEHB çocuklarda en
sık görülen psikiyatrik bozukluklardan birisidir. Çocukluk çağında DEHB tanısı almış bireylerin %30-50'inde
erişkin döneminde de semptomlar devam eder. Diğer psikiyatrik eshastalanımlar DEHB hastalarında sıklıkla
görülür. DEHB tanısı başlıca klinik semptomların ışığında konulur. Son yıllarda manyetik rezonans görüntüleme
(MRG) psikiyatrik hastalıkların yapısal, fonksiyonel ve biyolojik özelliklerini araştırmada kullanışlı bir teknik
haline gelmiştir. MRG güvenli ve noninvaziv bir teknik olup, DEHB'da yapısal ve fonksiyonel bircok çalışmada
kullanılmaktadır. MRG'de iyonizan radyasyon kullanılmadığından DEHB olan çocuklarda güvenle tekrarlanabilir.
MRG ile yapılan volümetrik çalışmalarda farklı beyin bölgelerinde anormal bulgulara rastlanmıştır.
Fonksiyonel MRG çalışmaları ile fronto-striatal yapılarda disfonksiyon saptanmıştır. Manyetik rezonans
spektroskopi (MRS) çalısmalarında ise beyinde bazı bölgelerde metabolit konsantrasyonlarında önemli
farklılıklar ortaya konmuştur. Bu yazımızda DEHB hastalarında konvansiyonel, fonksiyonel MRG ve MRS güncel
uygulamalarını son literatur bilgisi desteği ile gözden geçirdik.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder with unknown pathophysiology. ADHD is characterized
by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children. ADHD affects
30 to 50 percent of adults who are diagnosed as having ADHD in childhood. Other psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients
with ADHD. The diagnosis of ADHD is based on clinical symptoms. In recent [year]s, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a useful
tool for investigating the structural, functional and biological features of psychiatric disorders. MRI is a safe noninvasive technique that has been
used in many structural or functional studies of ADHD. Because MRI does not use ionizing radiation, children with ADHD can be scanned repeatedly
and safely. Previous volumetric studies with MRI have shown abnormalities in different brain regions in ADHD. Functional MRI studies
have implicated dysfunction of fronto-striatal structures. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies indicate that significant differences in metabolite
concentrations in some regions of the brain. In this review, we evaluated the current applications of conventional, functional MRI and
MRS in ADHD with the support of the current literature.

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