Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2007; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye'de Psikiyatri; 2007;9(1):18-25
Bipolar Bozukluğa Eşlik Eden Eksen I ve Eksen II Tanıları
A Ünal, M Kuloğlu, M Atmaca, Ö Geçici, E Tezcan
Malatya Devlet Hastanes, Malatya
Amaç: Bipolar bozukluğa yüksek oranda eksen-I ve eksen-II tanıları eşlik etmekte ve bu durum hastalığın
belirti örüntüsünü değiştirerek tanınmasını güçleştirmekte, semptomların şiddetini, prognozu ve tedaviye
yanıtı etkileyebilmektedir. Çalışmamızda bipolar bozukluğa eşlik eden komorbid eksen-I ve eksen-II bozukluklarının
oranı ve komorbiditeyi etkileyen sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre bipolar bozukluk tanısı konulan 50 hastaya psikiyatrik değerlendirmeyi
takiben sosyodemografik ve klinik bilgi formu, DSM-IV Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme Formu (SCID-I)
ve Kişilik Değerlendirme Formu (SCID-II) uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Bipolar bozukluğa; %46 eksen-I, %48 oranında eksen-II komorbiditesi ve %22 oranında çoğul
komorbidite eşlik ediyordu. Eksen-I komorbiditesini en sık; obsesif kompulsif bozukluğun (OKB), Eksen-II
komorbiditesini ise en sık borderline kişilik bozukluğunun oluşturduğu gözlenmiştir. Komorbid eksen-I ve
eksen-II bozukluğu olan gruplarda bipolar bozukluk başlangıç yaşı daha erken, hastalık süresi ise daha
uzun bulunmuştur. Eksen-II bozukluklarının eşlik ettiği grupta hızlı döngü oranı daha fazla görülmüştür.
Komorbid durumlarda epizodların daha şiddetli olduğu saptanmıştır.
Tartışma: Bipolar bozukluğa diğer psikiyatrik bozukluklar sıklıkla eşlik etmektedir. Çoğul eksen-I bozuklukları
gösteren hastalar duygu durumu bozuklukları gelişimi ve özellikle de bipolar bozukluk gelişimi bakımından
dikkatle takip edilmelidir. Bipolar bozukluk öykülü bir aileden olan genç hastalarda, erken yaşta başlayan
anksiyete bozuklukları, madde kullanımı ve yeme bozuklukları bipolar bozukluğun prodromal duygu durumu
semptomlarını oluşturabilir. Psikiyatrik hastalarda; komorbidite hem sanıldığından daha fazla görülmesi,
hem de araştırma ve klinik uygulamalarda belirti örüntüsünü değiştirerek uygulamaları zorlaştırması nedeniyle
üzerinde daha fazla çalışmayı gerektiren önemli bir konudur.
Axis I and Axis II disorders accompanying bipolar disorder
Objective: Bipolar disorder have frequent comorbid axis-I and axis II disorder. This leads to change the phenomenology of bipolar disorder
and consequently affects the symptom severity, prognosis and response to treatment. In the present study, it was aimed to determine the rates
of comorbid axis-I and II disorders in bipolar disorder and to evaluate sociodemographic and clinical features.
Method: The study comprised the patients with bipolar disorder according to DSM-IV. At first, 50 patients with bipolar disorder were psychiatrically
examined and then, they were evaluated by using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I) and Structured Clinical Interview
for DSM-III-R Personality Disorder (SCID-II).
Results: Bipolar disorder exhibited a proportion of 46% axis-I and 48% axis-II comorbid disorders. The proportion of multiple comorbidity
was 22% of 50 patients. The most frequent comorbid axis-I disorders were obsessive-compulsive disorder. On the other hand, the most
prevalent comorbid axis-II disorders were borderline personality disorder. In the comorbid axis-I and II disorder groups, the age of onset was
earlier and in these groups the duration of illness was longer. In the group with comorbid axis-II disorders, the proportion of rapid cycling
bipolar disorder was higher. In case of comorbidity, the episodes were more severe.
Conclusion: Other psychiatric disorders frequently accompany bipolar disorder. The patients with multiple axis-I disorders should be followed
regarding the development of affective disorders, especially bipolar disorder. Anxiety disorders with early onset, substance abuse and
eating disorders may be prodromal symptoms of bipolar disorder especially in patients who come from families with the history of bipolar
disorder. The comorbidity is an important condition which should be focused on because of its high prevalence and confusing effect on both
investigations and clinical practice.

http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-orange-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-clutch-29cm-croco-white-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-32cm-ostrich-vein-6108-black-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-clutch-29cm-croco-dark-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-herbag-31cm-green-canvas-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-wallet-camel-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-men-h-belt-138-silver-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-so-kelly-28cm-togo-leather-shoulder-bag-green-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-32cm-togo-leather-6108-electric-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbag-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-burgundy.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-bolide-31cm-togo-leather-pink-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-handbag-crocodile-leather-green-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-23cm-croco-leather-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-pink-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-elephant-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-dark-blue-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-electric-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-h-wallet-royal-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbags-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-electric-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-burgundy.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-epsom-leather-grey-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-elephant-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-wallet-h005-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-camel-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-wallet-togo-leather-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-herbag-31cm-burgundy-canvas-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-kelly-22cm-epsom-leather-yellow-silver-with-chain-strap.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-30cm-birkin-bag-togo-leather-with-strap-light-pink-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-rose-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-clutch-29cm-croco-green.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-25cm-handbag-6068-orange-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-large-36cm-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-red-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-epsom-leather-pink-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-wallet-h005-in-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-picotin-lock-togo-leather-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-kelly-22cm-epsom-leather-green-silver-with-chain-strap.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-25cm-handbag-6068-orange-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbag-yellow-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-orange-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-camel-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-men-h-belt-138-gold-light-coffee.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-28cm-bag-togo-leather-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-large-36cm-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbag-burgundy-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-dark-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-light-coffee-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-so-kelly-28cm-togo-leather-shoulder-bag-hot-pink-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbags-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-white.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-36cm-leather-handbag-black-hot-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-handbag-crocodile-leather-brown-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-wallet-togo-leather-rose.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-bi-fold-wallet-h006-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-epsom-leather-red-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-black-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-men-h-belt-138-silver-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-bolide-31cm-togo-leather-orange-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-wallet-h005-h-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-burgundy.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-crocodile-leather-handbag-grey-white-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-red-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-dark-khaki-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-36cm-canvas-handbag-yellow.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-8616-handbag-cherry-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-orange-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-handbag-crocodile-leather-green-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-kelly-22cm-epsom-leather-yellow-silver-with-chain-strap.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-camel.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-green.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-green.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-23cm-togo-leather-orange-silver.html