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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 17; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2006;17(2):115-128
Şizofreni'de Eksiklik Sendromu Çizelgesi (ESÇ)'nin Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlik Çalışması
S Çıtak, ET Oral, AT Aker, M Şenocak
Bakırköy Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Şizofreni’deki birincil ve kalıcı negatif belirtilerin oluşturduğu tabloyu, yani eksiklik sendromunu saptamak amacıyla geliştirilmiş olan “The Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome” adlı çizelge güvenilirlik ve geçerlik çalışması yapmak üzere “Eksiklik Sendromu Çizelgesi (ESÇ)” adıyla Türkçeye çevrilmiş ve uyarlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma kapsamına 30 erkek şizofren hasta alınmıştır. Bu hastaların uzun süreli, kronik seyirli ve yatarak tedaviyi de gerektiren bir hastalık öyküleri vardır. Çizelgenin güvenilirlik analizleri için 2 araştırmacı bu hastalara ESÇ uygulamış, geçerlik analizleri için de üçüncü bir araştırmacı KPDÖ (Kısa Psikiyatrik Derecelendirme Ölçeği) değerlendirmeleri yapmıştır.

Bulgular: Yapılan güvenilirlik analizleri sonucunda, ESÇ’nin negatif belirtiler ve bütüncül sınıflandırma açısından iç güvenilirlikleri yüksek bulunmuştur (cronbach alfa: 0.85). ESÇ’nin araştırmacılar arasında negatif belirtiler açısından orta düzeyde (kappa: 0.51-0.61), bütüncül sınıflandırma ve bütüncül şiddet açısından ise çok yüksek düzeyde (kappa: 0.88-0.93) güvenilirliğe sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Geçerlik analizleri de, ESÇ’nin hem negatif belirtiler hem de bütüncül sınıflandırma açısından geçerliğinin yüksek (U: 60.0, p: 0.03) olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, ESÇ’nin ülkemizde bundan böyle yapılacak şizofreni araştırmalarında kullanılabilecek güvenilir ve geçerli bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir.
Reliability and Validity of the Schedule for Deficit Syndrome in Schizophrenia
Objective: The Schedule for Deficit Syndrome (SDS) is an instrument for categorizing schizophrenic patients as those with and without deficit syndrome. This schedule has been translated and adapted into the Turkish [language] in order to study its reliability and validity.

Method: 30 male schizophrenic patients were included in the study. The patients had been ill for a long period of time and the course was continuous. The patients were assessed by two different raters using the SDS as a means of testing its reliability. A third rater assessed the same group of patients using the BPRS to test the validity of the SDS.

Results: The raters using the SDS demonstrated good inter-rater reliability for the categorization of patients with and without deficit syndrome, as well as for rating global severity (kappa: 0.88-0.93) and individual negative symptoms (kappa: 0.51-0.61). The schedule was also found to have a high validity for both categorization and measuring individual negative symptoms. (U: 60.0, P: 0.03).

Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the Turkish version of the SDS would be a reliable and valid instrument that could be used in the study of schizophrenia.

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