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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 33; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2020;33(2):130-138
Sınırda kişilik bozukluğunda algılanan stres, disosiyatif yaşantılar, depresif belirtiler ve anksiyete duyarlılığı ilişkisi
M E Demirkol, L Tamam, S Çakmak, K Uğur, C Yeşiloğlu
Cukurova University, Adana
Amaç: Sınırda kişilik bozukluğu, dürtüsel davranışlarda bulunma, kişiler arası ilişkilerde tutarsızlık, duygu ve düşüncelerini düzenlemekte zorluk ile seyreden bir ruhsal bozukluktur. Bu hastalarda bilinç, bellek, algılamada bütünlüğün bozulması olarak tanımlanan disosiyatif belirtiler sıklıkla gözlenmekte ve prognozu olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada sınırda kişilik bozukluğu tanılı hastalarda algılanan stres ve disosiyatif yaşantılar arasındaki ilişkide depresif belirtiler ve anksiyete duyarlılığının aracı etkisinin gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSM-5 kriterlerine göre sınırda kişilik bozukluğu tanılı 74 hasta ve herhangi bir psikiyatrik rahatsızlığı olmadığı belirlenen 70 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında sosyodemografik veri formu, Beck Depresyon Envanteri, Disosiyatif Yaşantılar Ölçeği, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ve Anksiyete Duyarlılığı İndeksi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Sınırda kişilik bozukluğu olan bireylerde Anksiyete Duyarlılığı İndeksi toplam puanı ve fiziksel, bilişsel, sosyal alt boyutları, Disosiyatif Yaşantılar Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği toplam puanları kontrol grubundan yüksek saptanmıştır. Hasta grupta anksiyete duyarlılığı, disosiyatif yaşantılar, depresif belirtiler, algılanan stres puanları arasında anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü korelasyon saptanmıştır. Algılanan stres ile disosiyatif yaşantılar arasındaki ilişkide depresif belirtilerin ve anksiyete duyarlılığının kısmi aracı etkisi gösterilmiştir. Sonuç: Sınırda kişilik bozukluğu tanılı bireylerde disosiyatif belirtilerin görülmesi gidişatın kötüleşmesine yol açmaktadır. Çalışmamızda algılanan stres, depresif belirtiler ve anksiyete duyarlılığının disosiyatif yaşantılar ile anlamlı ilişkisi gösterilmiştir. Disosiyatif yaşantıların engellenmesi, şiddetinin azaltılması ve hastalığın daha iyi seyretmesi için anksiyete duyarlılığı ve depresif belirtilere yönelik tedavi yaklaşımlarının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
The relationship between perceived stress, dissociative experiences, depressive symptoms, and anxiety sensitivity in borderline personality disorder
Objective: Borderline personality disorder is characterized by impulsive behaviors, inconsistency in interpersonal relationships, and difficulty in regulating feelings and thoughts. In these patients, dissociative symptoms, defined as impaired consciousness, memory, and integrity of perception, are often observed and negatively affect the prognosis. This study aims to demonstrate the mediating effects of depressive symptoms and anxiety sensitivity between perceived stress and dissociative experiences in patients with borderline personality disorder. Method: Seventy-four patients with borderline personality disorder according to the DSM-5 criteria and 70 healthy controls with no psychiatric disorders were included in the study. A sociodemographic data form, the Beck Depression Inventory, Dissociative Experiences Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Anxiety Sensitivity Index were used for data collection. Results: The total score and physical, cognitive, and social subscores of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index and the total scores of Dissociative Experiences Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Perceived Stress Scale were higher in the patient group than the control group. There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between anxiety sensitivity, dissociative experiences, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress scores in the patient group. Depressive symptoms and anxiety sensitivity had partial mediating effects in the relationship between perceived stress and dissociative experiences. Conclusion: Dissociative symptoms lead to worsening of the course of borderline personality disorder. Our study revealed a significant relationship of perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety sensitivity with dissociative experiences. Therapeutic interventions for anxiety sensitivity and depressive symptoms would be beneficial regarding the prognosis of borderline personality disorder by preventing or reducing the severity of dissociative experiences.

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