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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 57; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2020;57(3):216-221
Parkinson Hastalarında Koku Bozukluğunun Kognitif Fonksiyonlarla İlişkisi
NB Pekel, D Yıldız, İ Taymur, E Budak, S Özmen, Ç Çapkur, M Seferoğlu, A Güneş, D Sığırlı
İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa,
Amaç: Koku kaybı ve kognitif bozukluk Parkinson hastalığında (PH) sıklıkla görülen non-motor semptomlardır. Hastalığa ait ana semptomlar ortaya çıkmadan yıllar öncesinde bile koku kaybı görülebilir. Bu çalışmada PH’da koku kaybı ile kognisyon arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 31 Parkinson hastası, 31 sağlıklı birey dahil edildi. Tüm hastalara nöroloji uzmanı tarafından Birleşik Parkinson Hastalığı Değerlendirme Ölçeği (BPHDÖ) ve Hoehn Yahr evrelemesi (HYE) yapıldı. Koku duyusunu değerlendirmek amacıyla butanol threshold test ve sniffin sticks test kullanıldı. Kongnisyonu değerlendirmek amacıyla standardize minimental test (SMMT), saat çizme testi (SÇT) ve stroop testi yapıldı. Bulgular: Parkinson grubunda Sniffin’Sticks testi puanları kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede düşüktü (p<0,001). PH grubunda anosmi görülme oranı %90 iken, kontrol grubunda bu oran %54,8’di (p=0,005). Butanol test puanı ile stoop 5 ve 5 hata arasında anlamlı ilişki bulundu. Sniffin’Sticks test puanı ile SMMT puanı (p=0,047) ve SMMT’nin yönelim (p=0,041) ve lisan (p=0,003) fonskiyonları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulundu. Koku kaybı hafızanın zayıflaması ile ilişki bulundu. Sonuç: PH’da koku kaybı, kognitif bozukluk ile ilişkilidir ve koku testleri bu hasta grubunda demans gelişimini saptamada yol gösterici olarak kullanılabilir.
Associations Between Olfactory Impairment and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Parkinson Disease
Introduction: Olfactory impairment and cognitive impairment are common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Olfactory impairment may be present even many years before the main symptoms of the disease develop. The associations between olfactory loss and cognition in PD are evaluated in this study. Methods: 31 patients with PD and 31 healthy subjects were included in this study. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y Scale) were administered to all subjects. Butanol threshold test and Sniffin’Sticks test were used to assess olfaction. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and Stroop Color Word Test (SCWT) were used to assess cognition. Results: The Sniffin’Sticks test scores were significantly lower in the Parkinson group in comparison to the control group (p<0.001). The rate of anosmia was 90% in the PD group while this rate was found to be 54.8% in control group (p=0.005). A significant correlation was found between butanol test scores and stoop 5 and 5 errors. Significant correlations were found between the Sniffin’Sticks scores and MMSE scores (p=0.047) and orientation (p=0.041) and language (p=0.003) functions of the MMSE test. Worse olfaction was associated with worse memory. Conclusions: In PD, olfactory impairment correlates with cognitive impairment and olfactory tests may be used to predict the likelihood of developing dementia in this patient population.

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