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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 57; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2020;57(3):197-203
Psikodrama Grup Terapisinin Opioid Bağımlılığında Remisyon ve Depreşme Üzerine Etkisi
TT Uğurlu, NK Oğuzhanoğlu, F Ateşci
Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Denizli
Amaç: Bağımlılık tedavisinde “depreşme” sıkça karşılaşılan, önemli sorunlardan biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı opioid kullanım bozukluğu (opioid KB) tanılı bir grup hastanın yatarak tedavilerinin ardından remisyon oranlarını artırmak, depreşme oranlarını azaltmak ve depresyon, anksiyete, kontrol-denetim odağı üzerine psikodramanın etkisini incelemektir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya yatarak tedavi gören 13 opioid KB tanılı hasta ile başlanmış, altı üye ile tamamlanmıştır. Yapılandırılmış psikoeğitime ek olarak 13 oturumluk psikodrama grup çalışması sürdürülmüştür. Kontrol grubunu aynı tanı ve benzer özelliklere sahip, sadece psikoeğitim uygulanmış altı kişi oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılara grup çalışmaları öncesi ve sonrası Hamilton Depresyon-Anksiyete ve Rotter Denetim Odağı Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Altı aylık ayaktan izlemde her ay sonuçlar kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Her iki grupta da öntest-sontest sonuçlarına göre anksiyete oranlarında azalma olmuştur. Çalışmanın aylık ayaktan izlem kısmında vaka grubunda beş kişi beşinci ay, dört kişi altıncı ayın sonunda halen düzenli kontrollerini sürdürmüş ve madde kullanmamıştır. Kontrol grubunda ise sadece iki kişi altıncı ayın sonunda halen tedavide ve temiz kalabilmiştir. Etkin kullanılan psikodrama teknikleri; boş sandalye, eşleme ve ayna olmuştur. Tartışma: Hem psikodrama teknikleri hem de SAMBA programı hastaların anksiyete seviyelerini azaltan uygulamalardır. İç kontrol inancını artırmaya yönelik psikodrama uygulamalarının hastaların tedavi motivasyonunu artırma ve depreşmeyle baş etme açısından faydalı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Effect of Psychodrama Group Therapy on Remission and Relapse in Opioid Dependence
Introduction: Relapse is one of the most common problems in the addiction treatment. The aim of this study was to increase the remission rates, reduce relapse rates and investigate the effect of psychodrama on depression, anxiety and locus of control after treatment in a group of inpatients diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD). Method: The study was started with 13 inpatients diagnosed with OUD and completed with six members. In addition to psychoeducation, the psychodrama study of 13 sessions lasted. The control group consisted of six individuals with the same diagnosis and characteristics, who had only undergone psychoeducation. Hamilton Depression-Anxiety and Rotter Locus of Control Scales were applied to the participants before and after the group. Results: Anxiety rates decreased in both groups according to pre-test and post-test results. In the outpatient part of the study, five patients in the case group remained in treatment and clean at the end of the fifth month and four at the end of the sixth month. In the control group only two people could remain in treatment and clean at the end of the sixth month. The most effective psychodrama techniques were empty chair, doubling and mirroring. Discussion: Both psychodrama techniques and SAMBA program are applications that reduce anxiety levels of patients. It was concluded that psychodrama applications aimed at increasing the internal control belief may be beneficial in terms of increasing the motivation of the patients and coping with relapse

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