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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2020;21(2):149-162
Madde Kullanımı ve Bağımlılığında Kullanılan Dilin Önemi
H Demirbaş
Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi, Ankara
Madde kullanımı söz konusu olduğunda kullanılan dil önemlidir. Madde kullananlar alkol kötüye kullanan, alkolik, bağımlı, madde bağımlısı, esrarkeş gibi terimlerle adlandırılmaktadır. Bu terimler, toplumun madde kullananları algılama biçimini, sağlık çalışanlarının tutumlarını ve bundan etkilenen insanları olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Hastaları belirtilen terimlerle damgalama, bağımlılık tedavisinin önünde hastaların karşılaştığı en büyük engellerden biridir. Bundan dolayı, madde kullananlar ile ilgili gerek alan yazında gerek hastalarla iletişimde gerekse raporlarda ve tanılarda damgalamadan uzak terimler kullanılmalıdır. Bu dil; tüm bireylerin değerine ve itibarına saygı duyan bir dil (“birincil dil”) olmalı ve aynı zamanda madde kullanım bozuklukları ve tedavisinin tıbbi doğasına odaklanmalıdır. Ayrıca kullanılan dil, iyileşme sürecini teşvik etmeli ve argo ve benzeri deyimlerden uzak olmalıdır. Dilin uygunsuz kullanımı, iyileşme teriminin de tanımlanmasını gerektirmektedir. Madde kullanımı ve dil ilişkisinde, kapsamlı bir tıbbi modeli de içine alan biyopsikososyal modele göre tanımlanan dil kullanılmalıdır. Madde bağımlılığı ile ilgili kamuoyu inançları ve tutumlarındaki farkların altında yatan damgalanmayı azaltma ve uygun politika geliştirmek için farklı yaklaşımlar benimsenmesi gerekmektedir. Madde bağımlısı ve benzer terimler, profesyoneller arasında veya toplumda kullanılmamalıdır.
The Importance of the Language Used in Substance Use and Addiction
The language used is important when it comes to substance use. When substance abuse is used, terms such as alcohol abuse, alcoholic, addict, substance addict, and junkie are used. These terms may adversely affect the way society perceives substance abuse, attitudes of healthcare workers, legal processes and affected people. Stigmatization is the biggest obstacle for addiction treatment. For the reasons stated above, in terms of substance use, the terms free of stigmatization should be used both in the literature and in communication with patients and in reports and diagnoses. In addition, the language used should encourage the healing process and be free from slang and similar phrases. Improper use of language requires defining the term for improvement. The language defined by the biopsychosocial model, including a comprehensive medical model, should be used in substance use and language relations. Different approaches need to be adopted to reduce stigmatization underlying differences in public beliefs and attitudes related to drug addiction and to develop appropriate policies. Substance abuse and similar terms should not be used among professionals or community.

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