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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 57; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2020;57(1):65-70
Sosyal Anksiyete Bozukluğu Tanılı Ergenlerde Bağlanma Özellikleri ve Zihin KuramınınArasındaki İlişkiler
Y Öztürk , G Özyurt , S Turan, C Mutlu , AE Tufan , AP Akay
Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Bolu
Amaç: Çalışmalar sosyal anksiyete bozukluğu (SAB) ile bağlanma stilleri arasında bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Son çalışmalar SAB tanılı bireylerin sağlıklı kontrollere kıyasla zihin kuramı görevlerinde önemli bozulmaları olduğunu bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada SAB tanılı gençlerde bağlanma özellikleri ve zihin kuramı ilişkisini incelemeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Çalışmaya, yaşları 12 ile 18 arasında değişen ve SAB tanısı alan ilaç kullanmayan ve psikiyatrik komorbiditesi olmayan 42 ergen dâhil edildi. Psikiyatrik bozukluk bulunmayan aynı yaş aralığında 42 ergen sağlıklı kontrol olarak eşleştirildi. Tanılar Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi - Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu sürümü (ÇDGŞG-ŞY) tanı kriterleri kullanan deneyimli klinisyenler tarafından konuldu. SAB semptomlarının ciddiyeti, Ergenler için Sosyal Anksiyete Ölçeği ile değerlendirildi. Zihin kuramı, Gözlerden Zihin Okuma taskı ve Yüzler Testi ile değerlendirildi. Bağlanma özelliklerin değerlendirilmesi Ebeveyn ve Akrana Bağlanma Envanteri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Sağlıklı kontrol gruplarına kıyasla SAB’li ergenler hem Gözlerde Zihin Okuma görevinde hem de yüz testinde daha fazla zorluk çekmektedir. SAB, sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında akran ve ebeveyne bağlanma skorlarında anlamlı azalma bulduk. SAB’nin şiddeti ile hem ToM tasklarında hem de bağlanma arasındaki negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, ergenlerde SAB’ın etiyolojisi ve tedavisinde, zihin kuramı eksikliği ve güvensiz bağlanma biçiminin önemli bir rol oynayabileceğini göstermektedir
Relationships Between Theory of Mind (ToM) and Attachment Properties inAdolescent with Social Axiety Disorder
Introduction: Studies have suggested that attachment styles are associated with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Recent studies found that individuals with a diagnosis of SAD were significantly impaired relative to healthy controls on tasks of theory of mind (ToM). We aimed to investigate the association of ToM and attachment styles in adolescents diagnosed with SAD in this study. Methods: Drug-naïve 42 adolescents diagnosed with SAD and aged between 12 to 18, without psychiatric comorbidity were enrolled in the patient group. Forty-two adolescents in the same age range without any psychiatric disorders were matched as the healthy control group. The diagnosis was made by experienced clinicians using the Kiddie and Young Adult Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version and diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition. The severity of SAD symptoms was evaluated with the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents. ToM was evaluated with Reading the Mind in the Eyes task and faces test. Parent and Peer Attachment Inventory was used for assessing attachment properties. Results: Adolescents with SAD compared to healthy control groups have more difficulties both in Reading the Mind in the Eyes task and faces test. We found a statistically significant decrease in peer and parent attachment scores when compared with SAD and healthy controls (p<0.05). A negative correlation between the severity of SAD and both ToM tasks and attachment has been found. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that ToM deficits and insecure attachment style may play an important role in the etiology and treatment of SAD in adolescents.

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