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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(1):70-76
Üniversite öğrencilerinde latent Toxoplasma gondii enfeksiyonunundavranış ve kişilik özellikleri üzerine etkisinin araştırılması
Ö Akgül
İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Dünya nüfusunun üçte birinin toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) ile enfekte olduğu, parazitin seroprevalansının sosyoekonomik durum ve hijyenik alışkanlıklara bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Sağlıklı bireylerde genellikle beyin ve kas dokusunda latent kalarak asemptomatik enfeksiyonlar oluşturabilen T. gondiinin, özellikle son yıllarda nöropsikiyatrik tablolarla ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya alınma ölçütlerine uygun olarak çalışmaya katılan 150 gönüllü üniversite öğrencisinden elde edilen serum örneklerinin T. gondii IgG düzeyleri, ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) yöntemi ile üretici firmanın önerilerine uygun olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların suç profilleri (suç işleme ve trafik kazası yapma), dürtüsel davranışları (bedensel zarar verme ve intihar girişim/riski) ve kişilik özellikleri (dışa dönüklük, yumuşak başlılık, öz denetim, nevrotisizm ve gelişime açıklık) uygun ölçekler ve/veya klinik görüşmeler ile kaydedilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile T. gondii seropozitifliğinin, psikiyatrik açıdan sağlıklı bireylerdeki intihar girişimi ve bedensel zarar verme gibi dürtüsel davranışlar; suç işleme ve trafik kazası gibi suç olayları ve beş faktör kişilik tipleri ile olan ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmadaki 150 gönüllünün 69’unun erkek (%46) ve 81’inin kadın (%54) olduğu, yaşlarının 20-37 (25.71±3.08) arasında değiştiği ve çalışmadaki genel T. gondii IgG seropozitiflik oranının %30.66 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Seropozitif ve seronegatif gruplar arasında trafik kazası yapma durumunun benzer olduğu; suç işleme, bedensel zarar verme ve intihar riski parametrelerinin ise seropozitif grupta daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Latent T. gondii enfeksiyonu ile dışa dönüklük ve gelişime açıklık boyutları benzer olarak bulunmuş; latent enfeksiyonu olanların daha düşük yumuşak başlılık ve öz denetim puanları ve daha yüksek nevrotisizm puanlarına sahip oldukları gösterilmiştir. Tartışma: Türkiye’de bu kapsamda yapılan ilk çalışma olma özelliğine sahip araştırmamızdan elde edilen veriler, latent T. gondii enfeksiyonunun olumsuz davranışsal sonuçlar ile ilişkili olabileceğini doğrular niteliktedir. Psikiyatrik bozukluklarda T. gondii’nin olası etkilerinin tam olarak anlaşılabilmesi için ileriye dönük araştırmalara gereksinme vardır. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(1):70-76)
The effects of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection on the behaviorand personality characteristics of university students
Objective: It is well known that one-third of the world population is infected with toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), and the seroprevalence varies according to socioeconomic status and hygienic habits. Nowadays, it’s thought that T. gondii which is related asymptomatic latent infections in brain and muscle tissue may be related with neuropsychiatric conditions. Methods: T. gondii IgG levels of serum samples obtained from 150 volunteer university students who participated in the study according to inclusion criteria were determined according to the manufacturer's recommendations by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method. Criminal profiles (accident claims, criminal conviction), impulsive behaviors (non-suicidal self-injury, attempted suicide) and personality traits (extra-version, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness to experience) of the participants were recorded by appropriate scales and/or clinical interviews. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between T. gondii seropositivity and impulsive behaviors such as suicide attempt and physical injury, criminal events such as crime and traffic accidents and 5 factor personality types in psychiatric healthy individuals. Results: Sixtynine (46%) of participants were male and 81 were female (54%), ages ranged from 20 to 37 (25.71±3.08) and the rate of seropositivity was determined as 30.66%. The relationship between seropositivity and accident claims was not statistically significant; the criminal conviction, non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide were statistically correlated. There was no statistically difference in terms of the features of extraversion or openness to experience between seronegative and seropositive groups. However, the T. gondii IgG were statistically highly correlated with lower agreeableness, lower conscientiousness and higher neuroticism scores. Conclusion: The data obtained from our study which is the first study conducted with this context in our country, confirms that latent T. gondii may be associated with negative behavioral outcomes. In order to fully understand the possible effects of T. gondii in psychiatric disorders, prospective-based studies are needed. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 21(1):70-76)

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