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Yıl:1995; Cilt: 32; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 1995;32(1):10-16
Multipl Sklerozda Epilepsi
B Baklan, E İdiman, B Keskin
Dokuz Eylül Üniv. Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji ABD, izmir
Multipl Skleroz (MS) olgularında epilepsi sıklığı %l-5 gibi düşük değerlerde olmasına karşın normal populasyonda rastlanma sıklığından (%0.4-l) yüksektir. Erişkin MS olgularından farklı olarak çocukluk çağı başlangıçlı MS olgularında epilepsi görülme sıklığı %16 gibi yüksek bir değerdedir. MS ve epilepsi arasmda nedensel bir ilişki olduğu ve bu birlikteliğin rastlantı olmaktan çok kortikal ve subkortikal demyelinizan lezyonlardan kaynaklandığı varsayılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada DEÜTF Nöroloji ABD MS Polikliniğine kayıtlı 412 MS olgusu arasından MS başlangıcından önce ya da MS'in seyri sırasında epileptik nöbet gelişen 9 olgu (8K, IE) sunulmaktadır. Olguların ortalama başlangıç yaşı 32.6 yıl, ortalama hastalık süresi 5.7 yıldır, Klinik tablo; 5 olguda remisyon eksaserbasyonlu seyir, 1 olguda primer progresif, 2 olguda sekonder progresif seyir göstermiş olup, 1 olgu ilk ataktadır. Poser ve ark.'nın kriterlerine göre 9 olgu da definite MS dir. Ortalama EDSS skoru 3.6'dır. Olguların 5'inde önce epileptik nöbet gelişmiş olup demyelinizan hastalık kliniği ortalama 3 yıl sonra ortaya çıkmıştır. 4 olguda ise nöbetler hastalığın seyri sırasında ortaya çıkmıştır. Üç olguda parsiyel başlangıçlı sekonder jeneralize nöbetler, 6 olguda primer jeneralize nöbetler söz konusudur. EEG 4 olguda, MRG tüm olgularda patolojik bulunmuştur. Olguların hiç birinde epilepsiye yol açacak diğer nedenler söz konusu değildir. Bir olgu dışında, epileptik nöbet demyelinizan hastalığın alevlenmesi ile ilişkili bulunmamıştır. Bulgular ilgili literatür ışığında değerlendirilmiştir.
Epilepsy In Multiple Sclerosis
Although the incidence of epilepsy in multiple sclerosis cases is very low as 1-5 % of all cases, its incidence is higher than normal population (0.4-1%). When the incidence of epilepsy in childhood onset MS (16%) compared with the adult onset MS it is found significantly high. It has been suggested that there is an etiologic relation between MS and epilepsy, and seizures originates from cortical and subcortical lesions rather than being random. In this study among 412 MS cases, 9 cases (8 female, 1 male) who demonstrated epileptic seizures before the onset of MS or during its course were presented. The average age at onset was 32.6 [year]s and the average duration of the disease was 5.7 [year]s. Five patients had a relapsing remittig course, 1 patient had primary progressive course, 2 patients had secondary progressive course, and 1 had first attack. According to the criteria of Poser et. al. all cases had definite MS. The average EDSS score was 3.6. In 5 cases, epileptic seizures were observed average 3 [year]s before the onset of MS. In 4 cases, seizures developed during the course of disease. In 3 cases, there were partial seizures with secondary generalization, in other 6 patients primary generalized seizures were observed. EEG revealed pathologic findings in 4 cases and MRI demonstrated pathologic findings in all cases. Other factors causing epilepsy were not considered. Except 1 case, epileptic seizures were not correlated with the exacerbation of demyelinating disease. The findings were discussed with respect to the related literature.

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