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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar Dergisi; 2019;8(1):63-68
Obsesif Kompulsif Bozuklukta Gevşeme Eğitimi ve Bilişsel Davranışçı Tekniklerin Uygulanması: Vaka Örneği
FEE Okumuş, ÖS Berk, B Yücel
İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk (OKB) tedavisinde psikofarmakoloji ve Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapiler (BDT) yaygın olarak kullanılabilmekte ancak motivasyon artımı amacıyla gevşeme eğitiminin ayrı bir protokol olarak uygulanmasına sık rastlanmamaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda bir OKB vakasında düşük doz psikofarmakoterapiyle birlikte gevşeme eğitimi ve BDT tekniklerinin kullanımı aktarılmıştır. 40 yaşlarında 10 yıllık hastalık öyküsü bulunan kadın vakanın temel olarak bulaşma olmak üzere kuşku ve kurallara uyma ile ilgili obsesyonları ve bunun yarattığı sıkıntıdan kurtulmak için yaptığı tekrarlayıcı davranışları bulunmaktadır. Ayaktan takip edilen vakaya önce ilaç tedavisi başlanmış farklı antidepresanlar denenmiş ancak özellikle fotosensitivite yan etkisi sebebiyle doz artımı yapılamadığı için kombine tedavi planlanmıştır. 2 seanslık değerlendirme ve vaka formülasyonunun ardından 6 seanslık gevşeme eğitimi ve psikoeğitimi içeren tedavinin ilk aşaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonrasında 12 seanslık BDT modülünde bilişsel yeniden yapılandırma, maruz bırakma, tepki önleme, sosyal beceri eğitimi, imgesel teknikler uygulanmıştır. Terapinin sonlanmasının ardından 2 izlem seansıyla vaka takip edilip kazanımların korunduğu gözlenmiştir. OKB’nin BDT ile tedavi sürecinde, vaka düzeyinde formülasyon yapılarak motivasyonu yükseltmek için gevşeme eğitiminin kullanımının tedaviye katkı sağlayacak önemli bir bileşen olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Application of Relaxation Training and Cognitive Behavioral Techniques in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Case Presentation
Psychopharmacotherapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) are commonly used in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) although the use of relaxation training as a separate protocol for enhancing treatment motivation is not very common. This case report focuses the application of CBT with the combination of relaxation training and low-doze psychopharmacotherapy with an OCD patient. The patient was in her forties and she had ten years history of OCD, whose basic obsessions were about contamination, suspiciousness and observance to specific rules. She performed compulsions to neutralize the anxiety that were created by her obsessions. Psychopharmacotherapy as an outpatient was the primer choice of treatment, although doze increment was not possible due to serious side effects. Therefore, a combined treatment model was planned. The first phase of the treatment was conducted as a 6 sessions relaxation training and psychoeducation program right after 2 sessions of psychological assessment and case formulation. Then 12 sessions of CBT model was conducted that include cognitive restructuring, exposure, response prevention, social skills training and imaginary techniques. The patient sustained in remission in the follow-up sessions after the treatment had ended. It is assumed that the combination of relaxation training for enhancing motivation with CBT through case formulation is a contributive component of treatment in OCD.

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