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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar Dergisi; 2019;8(1):43-50
Bir Belirti Olarak Çocuklarda Konuşma Gecikmesi: Sosyodemografik Özellikleri ve Klinik Tanıları
D Eyüboğlu, M Eyüboğlu
Eskisehir Osmangazi Universitesi, Eskişehir
Konuşma gecikmesi çocuklarda sıklıkla görülen bir klinik bulgudur ve literatürde prevalansı %3–15 olarak saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmada çocuk psikiyatri kliniğine başvuran ve konuşma gecikmesi olan çocukların klinik tanılarının gözden geçirilmesi ve tanı gruplarının sosyodemografik özellikleri açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya konuşma gecikmesi olan 18–60 ay aralığındaki 207 çocuk alınmıştır. Çalışmaya alınan tüm çocuklar için sosyodemografik veri formu ve Çocukluk Otizmini Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ÇODÖ) doldurulmuş, çocukların genel gelişimsel ve bilişsel düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi için her çocuğa Ankara Gelişim Tarama Envanteri (AGTE) uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaya alınan çocukların 52’si (%25,1) kız, 155’i (%74,9) erkekti. Olguların 99’u (%47,8) Dil Bozukluğu (DB), 65’i (%31,4) Bilişsel Gelişimde Gecikme (BGG), 43’ü (%20,8) Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) tanılarını almıştır. Perinatal komplikasyon öyküsü Bilişsel Gelişimde Gecikmesi olan grupta en yüksek oranda saptanmıştır. Elektronik medya ile uğraş süresi her tanı grubunda yüksek olmakla birlikte, en yüksek OSB grubunda saptanmıştır. Annelerin kullandığı dil sayısı kıyaslandığında DB olan grupta annelerin birden fazla dili günlük yaşamda daha fazla kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Konuşma gecikmesi birçok klinik tanıya eşlik edebilen bir bulgudur. Bu nedenle konuşma gecikmesi olan çocuklar, bir çocuk psikiyatristi tarafından ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Erken tanı ve eğitsel destek programları ile bu çocukların sağlıklı gelişimlerine katkı sağlanabilmektedir.
Delayed Speech in Children as a Symptom: Socio-Demographic Features and Accompanying Clinical Diagnosis
Delayed speech is a common clinical sign in children, and its prevalence has been determined to be 3–15%. The aim of this study was to review the clinical diagnosis of children with delayed speech who were referred to the pediatric psychiatry clinic and conduct a comparative study on the diagnostic groups in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics. The present study included 207 children at 18–60 months who had delayed speech. For each child, a sociodemographic data form and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were completed; moreover, the Ankara Developmental Screening Inventory (ADSI) was applied to evaluate his/her general developmental and cognitive levels. In the study, 52 children (25.1%) were female and 155 (74.9%) were male. 99 (47.8%) of them were diagnosed with Language Disorders, 65 (31.4%) with Cognitive Development Delays and 43 (20.8%) with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The incidence of perinatal complication history was determined at highest level in the Cognitive Development Delay group. The time used for electronic media was high in each diagnostic group, but highest in the autism group. When the number of languages used by the mothers is compared, the mothers in Language Disorder group use more than one language in daily life. Delayed speech is a sign that may be accompanying with several clinical diagnoses. Early diagnosis and educational support programs may contribute to healthy development of these children

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