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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 41>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2018;21(41):60-73
Öğrencilerin Özsaygılarının Artırılması Yoluyla Okul Terkinin Önlenmesi
HÖ Bademci, EF Karadayı, İGP Karabulut, NB Vural
Maltepe Üniversitesi,Ankara
Avrupa komisyonunun 2013 raporuna göre erken okul terki oranında Türkiye ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Okula devam ve akademik başarıda özsaygı, özgüven, özdeğer gibi benlik algılarının önemli etkileri olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışma İstanbul’da 2015- 2016 Eğitim ve öğretim yılında okul terki ve devamsızlık, disiplin suçlarından kaynaklanan kısa süreli okuldan uzaklaştırma ve okul değiştirme oranlarının yüksek olduğu bir meslek lisesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Okul terki riski ile karşı karşıya olan 52 öğrenciye bağlanma ilişkisi temelli akran desteği, bireysel ve grup çalışmaları yoluyla verilmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda denk ilişkiler içinde, güvenli, katılımcı ve yaratıcılığın geliştirildiği bir okul ortamı oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmaların öğrenciler üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amacıyla uygulanan yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz bulguları öğrencilerin psikososyal gereksinimlerini önceleyen bir yaklaşımın onların özsaygılarını, özdeğerlerini, özyeterliliğini artırdığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu süreçte ayrıca öğrencilerin devamsızlık ve okul terk oranları üzerinde de istatistiksel analiz uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak okul terki riski olan öğrencilerin okula aidiyet duygularının geliştiğini, devamsızlık sorunlarının büyük ölçüde azaldığı ve eğitimlerine devam etmek konusunda motivasyonlarının yükseldiği görülmüştür
Prevention of School Refusal by Increasing Students' Self-Esteem
According to the 2013 report of the European Commission, Turkey rates first in the rate of early school leaving. It is acknowledged that senses of self such as self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-worth have crucial impacts on school attendance and academic success. This research was carried on in a vocational high school in Istanbul, where early school leaving, absenteeism, short-term suspensions due to disciplinary actions, and change of school rates were high during the 2015-2016 academic year. 52 students that faced the risk of early school leaving were given attachment relationship based peer support through individual and group interventions. In this intervention, a school environment is established in equivalent relations which is secure, participatory, and which develops creativity. Semi-structured in-depth interviews, which are conducted in order to explore the impacts of the intervention on students, are evaluated through content analysis method. Results demonstrate that an approach that prioritizes the psychosocial needs of the students increases their self-esteem, self-worth, and self-sufficiency. In this process, statistical analysis has also been carried out to determine the rates of students’ absenteeism and early school leaving. To conclude, it is observed that students under risk of early school leaving have developed a sense of belonging to their school, their pro

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