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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2018;9(2):96-104
Üniversite öğrencilerinin intihara ilişkin bilgi düzeyleri ve intihar eden kişilere yönelik damgalama tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi
A Öztürk, S Akın
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Kahramanmaraş
Amaç: Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin intihar eden kişilere yönelik damgalama tutumları ve intihara ilişkin bilgi düzeyleri ile ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı bir araştırma olarak planlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma üniversite öğrenciler ile (n=1100). Öğrencilerin İntihara Yönelik Damgalama tutumları İntihara Yönelik Damgalama Ölçeği (İYDÖ) ve intihara ilişkin bilgi düzeyleri İntihara İlişkin Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği (İBDÖ) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrencilere yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum gibi tanımlayıcı bilgilerin yanında psikiyatrist/ psikolog desteği öyküsü ve intihar düşüncesi/intihar girişimi öyküsünü içeren soruların yer aldığı Öğrenci Bilgi Formu uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Daha önce bir psikiyatriste başvuran ve psikiyatrik bir tanı aldığını bildiren öğrencilerin İBDÖ toplam puan ortalamaları başvurmayan öğrencilere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek saptanmıştır (p=0.001). Daha önce intihar etmeyi düşünen/girişimde bulunduğunu bildiren öğrencilerin İBDÖ toplam puan ortalamaları intihar etmeyi düşünmeyen/girişimde bulunmadığını bildiren öğrencilerin puan ortalamalarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek saptanmıştır (p=0.001). Daha önce intihar etmeyi düşünen/girişimde bulunan öğrencilerin Yüceleştirme/Normalleştirme alt boyutu puan ortalamaları intihar girişiminde bulunmayan öğrencilere göre daha yüksek (p=0.001), Damgalama alt boyutu puan ortalamaları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük bulunmuştur (p=0.001). Öğrencilerin İYDÖ Damgalama alt boyutu puan ortalamaları ile İBDÖ toplam ölçek puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır (r=-0.101; p=0.001). Sonuç: Önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olan intihar girişiminin önlenmesi amacıyla üniversite öğrencilerinin intihar konusundaki bilgilerini arttırmaya ve intihara yönelik damgalayıcı tutumlarını azaltmaya yönelik mesajlar içeren psikoeğitim çalışmalarının gerçekleştirilmesine gereksinim vardır. İntiharın uyarı sinyalleri konusunda toplum ruh sağlığı hemşireleri/uzman psikiyatri hemşireleri veya okullarda görevli psikologlar tarafından farkındalık eğitimlerinin düzenlenmesinin intiharın önlenmesi adına yararlı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Evaluation of knowledge level about suicide and stigmatizing attitudes in university students toward people who commit suicide
Objectives: This study was planned as a descriptive research with the aim to analyze university students’ level of knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes toward people who have committed suicide. Methods: Research was conducted among university students (n=1100). Students’ stigmatizing attitudes toward suicides and level of knowledge about suicide were assessed using the Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS) and Literacy of Suicide Scale (LOSS). The Student Information Form was used to collect information about students’ age, gender, and marital status, a history of previous psychiatric support or psychological consultation services, and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts. Results: Students who had previously had a psychiatric consultation or received a psychiatric diagnosis obtained a higher average of statistically significant LOSS scores compared to students who had not received psychiatric support (p=0.001). Students who had had suicidal ideation or suicide attempts in the past had a higher average of statistically significant LOSS scores compared to students who had not thought about or attempted suicide (p=0.001). Students who reported a history of suicidal ideation or suicide attempts had higher statistically significant average scores on the Glorification/Normalization subscale compared to students who had not reported a history of thoughts about or attempted suicide (p=0.001), and their Stigma subscale score average was lower (p=0.001). Students’ LOSS scores had a negative statistically significant relationship with SOSS’ Stigma subscale averages (r=-0.101; p=0.001). Conclusion: Prevention of suicide attempts is an important public health problem; psychoeducational activities for university students need to be developed that include messages aimed both at increasing knowledge of suicide and reducing students’ stigmatizing attitudes toward suicide. Developing trainings for increasing awareness about the warning signs of suicide by community mental health nurses, specialist psychiatric nurses, or school psychologists is effective for suicide prevention.

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