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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 26; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Kriz Dergisi; 2018;26(1):23-29
Acil Servisine İntihar Girişimi Sebebiyle Başvuran Hastaların Sosyodemografik Özellikler Yönündenİncelenmesi
SÇ Kızılpınar, B Duman
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’ne intihar girişimi sebebi ile başvuran hastaların sosyodemografik verileri, tanıları ve seçtikleri intihar yöntemlerini tanımlayarak 18 yaş üstü bireylerde intihar girişimleri ile ilgili olası riskleri belirlemek, böylece takip ve tedavide yeni yöntemler geliştirilmesine aracılık etmektir. Yöntem: Bu çalışma 2015 Ağustos ve 2016 Temmuz ayları arasında üniversite hastanesi acil servisinden istenmiş psikiyatri konsültasyonlarının ve hasta dosyalarının geriye dönük incelenmesi şeklinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastaların cinsiyeti, psikiyatrik tanıları, seçtikleri intihar yöntemleri, ilaç içerek intihar girişiminde bulunan hastaların kullandıkları ilaç tercihi ve kan etanol düzeyleri verilerine ulaşılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 54 hastanın %77.8’i (n=42) kadın, %22.2’si (n=12) erkek idi. Yaş ortalaması 31.07±11.21 olan vakaların en büyüğü 81 en küçüğü 18 yaşında idi. Vakaların 44’ünün (%81.5) ilaç ile, %14.8’inin (n=8) kesici aletler ile, %3.7’sinin (n=2) yüksekten bir yerden atlama ile kendine zarar vererek başvurduğu tespit edildi. Hastaların %37’sinin daha önceden bir psikiyatrik tanısı olduğu, %63’ünün herhangi bir psikiyatrik tanı ve tedavisinin olmadığı görüldü. İntihar girişimlerinin daha çok kriz durumu sonrası ortaya çıktığı saptandı. Girişim sırasında etanol düzeyi bakılan 51 hastanın %86.7’sinde etanol düzeyi negatif iken %13.3’ünde etanol düzeyi pozitifti. Etanol düzeyi ile hastanın tanısının olup olmaması arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı. İlaç içerek intihar eden vakalar incelendiğinde 44 hastanın 26’sının (%59.1) psikiyatrik olmayan ilaçlar ile 18’inin (%40.9) psikiyatrik ilaçlar ile girişimde bulunduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: İntihar girişimleri kadınlarda ve 26-35 yaş aralığında daha sık görülmektedir. En sık seçilen yöntem ilaç ile kendine zarar vermedir. Hastalara uygun krize müdahale yapılması ve psikiyatrik takip konusunda anlaşmaya varılması gelecekteki intiharları önlemede en önemli adım olabilir.
Evaluation of the Sociodemographic Characteristics in Patients withSuicide Attempt Admitted to an Emergency Department
Objective: The aim of this study is to identify sociodemographic data, diagnoses, possible risks related to suicide attempts and preferred suicide methods of patients over 18 years old admitted to an emergency department with suicide attempt. Besides, we purpose to mediate the development of new methods in follow-up and treatment about suicide attempt. Methods: This study was carried out as a retrospective analyzing of the psychiatric consultations and patient files in an emergency department of a university hospital between August 2015 and July 2016. We reached the data of gender of patients, psychiatric diagnoses, preferred suicide methods, drug preferences and blood ethanol levels from the clinical records. Results: We enrolled 54 patients in the study. 42 patients were female (77.8%) and 12 patients were male (22.2%). The mean age range was 31.07 ± 11.21 years. The youngest patient was 16 years old, the oldest patient was 81. We found that 44 patients (81.5%) used self-poisoning with drugs, 8 patients (14.8%) used self-harm methods by sharp objects and 2 patients (3.7%) used self-harm methods by jumping high place. When we checked the previous psychiatric diagnosis, we detected that 37% of all study patients had a previous psychiatric diagnosis and 63% of all study patients did not have any psychiatric diagnosis and treatment. Suicide attempts have emerged after the crisis situation. Ethanol level was negative in 86.7% and positive in 13.3% of the 51 patients who had ethanol level measured during the procedure. There was no significant relationship between ethanol level and the presence or absence of the diagnosis of the patients. When the cases involving drug-related suicide were examined, 26 of the 44 patients (59.1%) were found to have completed non-psychiatric drugs and 18 pateints (40.9%) with psychiatric medications. Conclusion: Suicide attempts are more common in women and in the age range of 26-35 years. The most commonly preferred method is selfpoisoning with the drug. Proper crisis intervention and psychiatric follow-up may be the most important step in preventing future suicides.

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