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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 4; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Ayna Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi; 2017;4(2):10-23
Lacancı Söylem Kuramı: Histeriğin Söylemine Dair Bir Vaka Örneği
E Ünal
Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara
Jacques Lacan, dilin özneler arası ilişkilerdeki rolünü ve bu ilişkilerdeki sosyal bağların niteliğini incelemek için söylem kuramını geliştirmiştir. Bu kuramda; efendi, üniversite, histerik ve analistin söylemi olmak üzere dört farklı söylem önerilmiştir. Her bir söylem dört psikolojik faktör ve pozisyon etrafında yapılanmaktadır. Söylemlerin konuşmada kullanılan kelimelerden önce geldiği ve hatta onları belirlediği vurgulanmaktadır. Lacan, bu dört söylemden biri olan histeriğin söyleminin konuşan her insanın ve dolayısıyla analizdeki kişinin de söylemi olduğunu öne sürmüştür. Bu söylem öznenin ötekinden cevaplar talep etmesi; ama bu cevaplar bilinçdışını yansıtamayacağı için asla tatmin olmaması ile karakterize olmaktadır. Lacan, öznenin bilinçdışına ulaşmanın bir yolu olarak analistin söylemini öne sürmüştür. Bu makalede, öncelikle söylemler kuramına dair kavramlar incelenmiş, sonrasında histeriğin söylemi bir vaka örneği çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve analistin söylemi kısaca açıklanmıştır.
Lacan’s Theory of Discourses: A Case Example for The Hysterical Discourse
Jacques Lacan developed the theory of discourses in order to understand the role of language and the social bonds among intersubjective relationships. Four different discourses were proposed as master, university, hysteric, and analytic discourse. Each discourse is structured around four psychological factors and four positions. It was empathized that the discourses even come before the spoken words and determine them. Lacan suggested that the hysterical discourse among the four discourses as the discourse of every speaking human being and so of the client in the therapy. It is characterized by demand to get answers from the other but never being satisfied because the answers of the questions could not match the unconscious desire. Lacan suggested analyst’s discourse as the way of reaching the unconscious of the subject. In the current article; firstly, the concepts of the theory of discourses were examined, then hysterical discourse was discussed in the context of a case example, and analyst’s discourse was briefly explained.

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