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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 17; Sayı: 5>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2016;17(5):354-361
Rehber öğretmenlerin mesleksel tükenmişliğini azaltmada psikodramanın etkinliği
F Gökkaya, O Özdel
Pamukkale üniversitesi, Denizli
Amaç: Bu çalışmada temel amaç, mesleksel tükenmişliği azaltmada psikodrama terapisinin etkinliğini araştırmaktır. Bunun yanında mesleksel tükenmişliğin azalmasıyla beraber yaşam doyumunda artış ve depresif ruh durumu ile umutsuzluk düzeyinde bir azalmanın ortaya çıkması beklenmiştir. Yöntem: Psikodrama terapisi yöntemi ile yürütülen çalışma, rehber öğretmenlerle, haftada bir, 16 oturum şeklinde ve her oturum dört saat olmak üzere yürütülmüştür. Çalışma 14 rehber öğretmenle tamamlanmıştır. Grup üyeleri psikoloji ve psikolojik danışmanlık bölümü mezunudur. Çalışma öncesinde ve sonrasında rehber öğretmenlerin Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (MTÖ), Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği (YDÖ), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeğini (BUÖ) doldurmaları sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan Sonuç Değerlendirme Formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonrasında rehber öğretmenlerdeki değişimler ölçek puanlarının karşılaştırılması ve Sonuç Değerlendirme Formunun yanıtları ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar: Rehber öğretmenlerin MTÖ’den ve YDÖ’den aldıkları terapi öncesi ve sonrası toplam puanları arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu görülmüştür. BDÖ ve BUÖ toplam puanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılaşma görülmemiştir. BDÖ toplam puanlarında ise ön test ve son test ölçümleri arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmasa da, dikkate değer bir azalma görülmüştür. Tartışma: Araştırma bulguları daha önce yapılan araştırma bulguları ile birlikte tartışılıp yorumlanmıştır. Mesleksel tükenmişliği azaltmada psikodrama terapisinin kullanılabilir bir yöntem olduğu görülmüştür. Daha geniş bir rehber öğretmen grubuyla ve kontrol gruplarıyla karşılaştırma yapılacak benzer çalışmaların yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
The effectiveness of psychodrama therapy in reducing school counselors’ occupational burn out
Objective: Aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of psychodrama therapy in reducing school counselors’ occupational burn out. In addition, the increase in satisfaction with life and the reduction of depressed mood and level of the hopelessness are expected when the occupational burn out is decreased. Methods: Psychodrama therapy was conducted with school counselors, 16 sessions, four hours in a week. Study was finalized with 14 school counselors who have either psychology or psychological counseling. School counselors are administered to fill the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SLS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) before and after the study. Additionally a Result Evaluation Form containing open ended questions was used. After the study changes in the counseling teachers were evaluated by the comparison of the score of the scales and with the results of the evaluation forms. Results: A statistical significant difference was found between the pretest and posttest scores after the therapy in MBI and SLS. There was no significant difference in BDI scores and also in BHS scores. The SLS’s pre-test and post-test scores were not significant however; there was a remarkable reduction in the scores. Conclusions: Current findings are discussed with reference to the literature. It was found that psychodrama is a useful technique in reducing occupational burn out. Similar studies in which will include the comparison of counseling group and control group with a larger sample will be beneficial.

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