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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 25>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2010;13(25):62-71
Ergenin Anne-Babadan Algıladığı Psikolojik Kontrol: Psikolojik Kontrol Ölçeğinin Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği
M Sayıl, Y Kındap
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Bu araştırmanın amacı, ergenlerin anne ve babalarından algıladıkları psikolojik kontrolü ölçmek amacıyla Barber (1996; Barber ve ark., 2007) tarafından oluşturulan ve daha sonra kültürlerarası maddeler eklenerek geliştirilen ölçeğin Türkçeye uyarlanması ve ergen örnekleminde psikometrik özelliklerinin sınanmasıdır. Psikolojik kontrol ölçeği daha geniş bir projenin parçası olarak 11-18 yaş grubundaki 885 ilköğretim ve lise öğrencisi ergene (483 kız, 402 erkek) hem anne hem de babası için uygulanmıştır. Faktör analizi sonuçları ölçeğin faktör yapısının orijinal çalışmada olduğu gibi hem anne hem de baba için iki boyutlu olduğunu göstermiştir. İlk geliştirilen klasik maddelerin oluşturduğu boyut “psikolojik kontrol (PK)” ve kültürlerarası olarak geliştirilen maddelerin oluşturduğu boyut ise “ebeveyn saymazlığı (ES)” olarak adlandırılmıştır (Barber ve ark., 2008). Ölçeğin, iç tutarlık katsayıları ES boyutunda anne ve baba için .85 ve .89; PK boyutunda ise yine sırasıyla .77 ve .79’dur. Ölçeğin geçerliğine ilişkin olarak ise beklendiği gibi algılanan psikolojik kontrol ve ebeveyn saymazlığı, demokratik ebeveyn stiliyle negatif, otoriter stille pozitif yönde ilişkilidir. Ayrıca her iki boyut, ölçeğin geçerliği için ölçüt alınan diğer ebeveyn özellikleriyle ve ergenin yalnızlık ve zorbalık gibi sorun davranışlarıyla beklendik yönde ilişkiler göstermiştir. “Ebeveyn saymazlığı” ergen beyanına dayanan ve kültürlerarası geçerlikte bir kontrol algısını ölçtüğü için hem bu çalışmada hem de diğer kültürlerde, klasik PK maddelerine göre daha yüksek güvenirlik değeri göstermekte ve PK’nın açıkladığının üzerinde özgün bir varyansı açıklayabilmektedir. Bu kültürlerarası bulgu, psikolojik kontrolün irdelenmesi gereken evrensel bir özü olduğu görüşünü (Barber ve ark., 2008) desteklemektedir. Sonuç olarak bulgular, ölçeğin her iki boyutunun da özellikle ergenlerde ebeveynden algılanan psikolojik kontrolün ölçülmesinde güvenilir bir araç olarak kullanılabileceğine işaret etmektedir.
Turkish Adaptation ofthe Parental Psychological Control Scale(s):A study of Validity and Reliability
The purpose of this study was to adapt Psychological Control Scale-Youth Self Report (PCS-YSR) to Turkish and examine psychometric characteristics of the scale developed and revised cross-culturally by Barber (1996; Barber et al., 2007). PC Scale was administered to 885 (483 female, 402 male), 11 to 18 years old secondary and high school students as a part of a comprehensive Project. Participants fi lled the scale for their mother and father separately. Results of the factor analyses revealed two factor structures that were compatible with the original structure of the scale both for mother and father. Classical items and cross-cultural items were appeared as separate factors and interpreted as different dimensions of psychological control. Reliability values of the factors were satisfactory, but higher reliability was observed for cross cultural items. Psychological control was negatively correlated with authoritative and positively correlated with authoritarian parenting, indicating the validity of the scale. In addition, measures of other criterion, the loneliness and bullying, were correlated with PC dimensions in expected directions. The cross-cultural item set explained unique variance in outcome behaviors above the classical item set and had higher reliability both in our study and other cultures (Barber et al., 2008). This common fi ndings support the assertion that PC might have a universal essence which should be scrutinized further. In conclusion, our fi ndings showed that two PCS item sets can be used to measure perceived parental control especially in adolescence as a reliable medium.

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