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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 24>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2009;12(24):41-55
Menopoz, Beden İmgesi ve Ruh Sağlığı
ZY Dökmen
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Orta yaşta gözlenen psikolojik belirtiler, biyomedikal görüşe göre menopozla ortaya çıkan hormonal değişiklikler- den kaynaklanmaktadır. Öte yandan, sosyokültürel görüş ise bunların toplumdan ve kültürden kaynaklandığını ileri sürmektedir. Kadınlar genellikle erken dönemlerden beri olumsuz beden imgesine sahiptirler ve beden imgesi ile ruh sağlığı arasında ilişki bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, menopoz öncesi, menopozun hemen öncesi (ön menopoz) ve menopoz sonrası dönemlerini yaşayan kadınların beden algısı ve ruh sağlığı bakımından karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu karşılaştırmalarda, kadınların eğitim düzeyleri, ekonomik durumlarına ilişkin algıları ve çalışma durumları da dikkate alınmıştır. Ayrıca üç grup kadında beden algısı ve ruh sağlığı arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi de amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Vücut Algısı Ölçeği ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri, menopoz öncesi (n = 83), menopozun hemen öncesi (ön menopoz) (n = 73) ve menopoz sonrası (n = 89) dönemdeki 245 kadına uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılar, eğitim durumlarına göre ilk-orta, lise ve üniversite olmak üzere üç grup; ekonomik durumlarına göre orta-ortanın altı ve iyi-çok iyi olmak üzere iki grup ve çalışma durumlarına göre çalışmıyor ve çalışıyor-emekli olmak üzere iki grup olarak ele alınmıştır. Toplanan veriler üzerinde çoklu varyans analizi (MANOVA), korelasyon ve çoklu regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Kadınların ruh sağlıkları üzerinde farklı menopoz döneminde olmanın değil, farklı eğitim, çalışma durumu ve ekonomik durumda olmanın etkisi olduğu ve vücut algısının da ruh sağlığı için önemli bir yordayıcı olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, sosyokültürel görüşü desteklemektedir.
Menopause, Body Image and Mental Health
Biomedical theory attributes psychological symptoms in middle-aged women to hormonal changes related to menopause, whereas sociocultural theory posits that these symptoms emanate from social and cultural norms. Women generally have a negative self-body image early in life and there is a correlation between body image and mental health. The purpose of this study was to compare premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women with respect to their body image and psychological health; level of education, economic status, and occupational status were taken into consideration. Moreover, the relationship between body image and mental health was examined in the 3 groups of women. The study included 245 women: 83 premenopausal, 72 perimenopausal, and 89 postmenopausal. The participants were also divided into 3 groups according to level of education (primary/ secondary, high school, and university graduates), 2 groups according to employment status (unemployed and employed/retired), and 2 groups according to economic status (below average/average and above average/high). The accumulated data underwent multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), and correlation and multi- regression analysis. It was observed that the mental health of the women was affected by level of education, and occupational and economic status rather than menopause. Moreover, body image was an important predictor for mental health. These results support sociocultural theory.

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