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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Güncel Psikiyatri ve Psikonörofarmakoloji; 2015;5(2):16-23
Vortioksetin: Depresyon ve Depresyonda Bilişsel Bozukluklarının Tedavisinde Yeni Bir Umut
E Işık
Işıklar Ruh Sağlığı Merkezi, Ankara
Depresif bozukluklu bireylerin % 20 gibi bir oranında tedaviye rağmen tam iyileşmenin elde edilemediği, tekrarlayan epizodlar gözlendiği ve kronikleşme izlendiği bildirilmiştir. Tekrarlama, erken yaşta başlama ve kötü psikososyal sonuç ile, depresyonda tedavi edilemeyen bilişsel belirtiler arasında bağlantı olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Günümüzde kullanılmakta olan hemen tüm antidepresan ilaçlar monoaminerjik iletiyi düzenleyerek işlev göstermektedir. Monoamin temelli tedavide ana sorunlar istenen etkinlik seviyesine ulaşılamaması (suboptimal etki), tedaviye verilen cevabın geç başlama süresi ya da kalıntı bilişsel bozukluklar gibi alanlarda gözlenmektedir. Glutamaterjik etkili bir ajan olan ketaminin deneysel kullanımında gözlenen ortalama 4 saat gibi hızlı başlangıçlı ve bir hafta kadar sürebilen uzamış antidepresan etkisinin gözlenmesi sonucunda, glutamat bağımlı düzenekler üzerinden de yeni antidepresan moleküllerin geliştirilmesi olasılığı gündeme gelmiştir. Glutamaterjik iletinin düzenlenmesinin bilişsel belirtiler üzerine olan iyileştirici etkisi de bilinmektedir. Araştırmacılar bir ya da daha fazla glutamat düzenleyici serotonerjik düzeneklere sahip bir molekül ile bir serotonin taşıyıcı (SERT) inhibitörünü birleştirerek yeni depresyon tedavileri geliştirme olanaklarını ele almışlardır. Bu yazıda multimodal aktivite olarak adlandırılan bu yeni düzenek ile depresyon ve depresyondaki bilişsel bozuklukların tedavisi amaçlanarak geliştirilmiş yeni bir molekül olan Vortioksetin ele alınacaktır.
Vortioxetine: A New Hope in Treatment of Depression and Cognitive Defects in Depression
It is known that, although having a proper treatment, %20 percent of depressive patients can’t have a full remission and have recurrent episodes and develop chronic depression . It is hypothesized that there is a relation between untreated cognitive deficits in depression and recurrence, early onset and poor psychosocial outcoming. Today nearly whole antidepressant agents are acting on modulating monoaminergic transmission. Main problems with monoamine regulation treatment seem as suboptimal effect, elonged time of initiation of action or residual cognitive deficits. Afer the experimental observation of a glutamatergic agent ketamine’s fast acting and relatively long lasting antidepressant effects, new hopes arised for new glutamatergic antidepressant molecules in depression treatment. Glutamatergic neuromodulation also results with cognitive improvement. Researchers looked for a molecule with both properties of glutamate modulating serotonergic mechanisms and SERT (serotonine transport) inhibition. Vortioxetine a novel multimodal antidepressant for treatment of depression and cognitive defects in depression will be reviewed.

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