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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
The Journal of Happiness and Well-Being; 2015;3(2):142-158
Genetik mesafe ve uluslararası mutluluk farklılıkları: Ön kanıtlar
M Burger, R Veenhoven, L Kakar, H Commandeur
Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands
Dünya genelinde yapılan çalışmalar mutluluk açısından hem ülkeler içinde hem de ülkeler arasında büyük farklılıkların olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. İkizler üzerinde yapılan çalışmaların gösterdiği üzere bir ülke içindeki farklılıkların çoğunun genetik bir temeli vardır. Peki, ülkeler arasındaki büyük farklılıklarda da genetik bir unsur söz konusu mudur? Bu çalışmada, bu soru 104 ülke üzerinden ele alınmaktadır. Genetik unsurun göreceli önemi iki yönlü bir analizle tahmin edilmiş, genetik profildeki mesafe ile bir bütün olarak yaşam doyumu olarak ölçülen ortalama mutluluk arasındaki korelasyon hesaplanmıştır. Bu analize göre genetik mesafe mutluluk açısından ülkeler arasında bulunan farklılığın %8,4’ünü açıklamaktadır. Ancak, ülkeler arasındaki kültürel, kurumsal, ekonomik ve coğrafi farklılıklar kontrol edildiğinde açıklanan varyans anlamlı şekilde azalmaktadır. Genetik mesafenin doğrudan etkisinin muhtemelen çok küçük olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır
Genetic distance and differences in happiness across nations: Some preliminary evidence
Survey studies worldwide have revealed large differences in happiness, both within and across nations. Many of the within-nation differences have a genetic basis, as twin studies have shown. Is there also a genetic component in the large differences across nations? In this paper, we report an initial exploration of this question in 104 nations. We estimate the relative importance of the genetic component in a bilateral analysis, calculating the correlation between the distance in genetic profile and average happiness, measured as satisfaction with life-as-a-whole. In this analysis, genetic distance explains 8.4% of the variance in cross?national differences in happiness. However, after controlling for cultural, institutional, economic, and geographical differences between countries, the explained variance is significantly reduced. We conclude that the direct effect of genetic distance is probably small.

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