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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2015;8(2):71-76
Uzun Süreli Alıştırma (Prolonged Exposure) Terapisi
L Sütçügil
Alıştırma (Exposure), Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu ve diğer anksiyete bozukluklarında sık görülen ''patolojik korku''yu ve bununla ilişkili duyguları azaltmaya yönelik bir uygulamadır. Exposure esnasında, anksiyete düzeyini azaltma amacıyla, hastalar kontrollü olarak, korkulan objeler, durumlar, düşünceler ve benzer uyaranlarla karşılaştırılırlar. Exposure uygulaması ''Gerçek Yaşamda Alıştırma'' (In Vivo Exposure) ya da ''İmgesel'' (Imaginal Exposure) olarak iki farklı teknikle yapılabilir. Uzun Süreli Alıştırma Terapisi (Prolonged Exposure Therapy) ise travma sonrası stres bozukluğu tedavisi için tasarlanmış özel bir terapi programıdır ve 'Duygusal Bilgi İşleme Kuramı'na dayanır. Program haftada bir ya da iki kez sıklığında yapılan, 1-1,5 saatlik görüşmelerden oluşur ve toplam 9-12 hafta sürer. Prolonged Exposure Terapisi, anksiyete bozukluklarının bilişsel davranışçı tedavilerinden edinilen tecrübeler ışığında 1980'li yıllardan itibaren uygulanmaya başlanmış, geçen sürede çeşitli ampirik çalışmalarla etkinliği gösterilmiştir.
Prolonged Exposure Therapy
Exposure is a practice that is generally used to reduce pathological fear and related emotions common in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other anxiety disorders. During exposure, patients intentionally confront with feared objects, situations, thoughts and similar stimuli in order to reduce anxiety level. Exposure can be divided into two main techniques as in vivo exposure or imaginal exposure. Prolonged Exposure Therapy is a specialized treatment program configured for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder and it is based on Emotional Processing Theory. Prolonged exposure usually involves 9 to 12 sessions, each lasting about 90 minutes, administered once or twice weekly. In the light of experience gained about Cognitive-behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders, Prolonged Exposure Therapy was started to be implemented since the 1980s, during this period the effectiveness of the therapy has been shown in various empirical studies. Keywords:

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