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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 28; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2015;28(1):58-65
Panik bozukluğu olan hastalarda Eksen I ve Eksen II eştanısı açısından cinsiyet farklılıkları
MA Delice, A Tabo, G Alataş, Mİ Atagün
Bakırköy Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir HastalıklarıEğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Eştanılı durumlar psikiyatrik hastalıkların klinik seyrini, belirti şiddetini ve tedavi cevabını önemli ölçüde etkilerler. Panik bozukluğu, önemli ölçüde yeti yitimine neden olabilen, kişilerarası ilişkilerde azalma, belirli sosyal durumlardan kaçınma, yüksek riskli işlerde çalışmaktan uzak durma, dolayısıyla çalışma performansında azalma ve işsiz kalma gibi ağır sonuçları olabilen bir hastalıktır. Diğer psikiyatrik bozukluklarla sıklıkla birlikte bulunabilmekte, bu durum da yeti yitimini artırmaktadır. Birçok çalışmada panik bozukluğunun kadınlarda sık görülen bir hastalık olduğu, kadın cinsiyetinin panik bozukluğu gelişmesinde önemli bir risk faktörü olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada panik bozukluğuna eşlik eden Eksen I ve Eksen II eştanıları dağılımının cinsiyetler arasında farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya içerme ölçütlerini karşılayan ve DSM-IV’e göre panik bozukluğu tanısı alan 31’i (%49.2) kadın, 32’si (%50.8) erkek toplam 63 hasta alınmıştır. Tanı SCID-I kullanılarak konulmuş, sosyodemografik veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen formla toplanmış, kişilerin tamamına Panik Agorafobi Ölçeği uygulanmış, çocukluk çağı ayrılık anksiyetesi varlığı araştırılmıştır. Eksen II kişilik bozuklukları SCID-II uygulanarak araştırılmıştır. Sonuçta panik bozukluğu olan her iki cinsiyet arasında demografik, klinik, Eksen I ve Eksen II eştanısı açısından bir fark olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Kadın hastaların anlamlı derecede daha fazla ayrılık anksiyetesi öyküsü bildirdikleri, depresyon, sosyal anksiyete bozukluğu, özgül fobi eştanısının kadın hastalarda daha fazla görüldüğü, alkol kullanım bozuklukları eştanısının ise, erkek panik bozukluğu hastalarında daha sık görüldüğü tespit edildi. Eksen II eştanıları açısından gruplar arasında fark yoktu. Sonuç: Panik bozukluğuna eşlik eden Eksen I ve Eksen II bozuklukları cinsiyet farklılığı açısından karşılaştıran çalışmamızın bulguları göstermiştir ki depresyon, sosyal anksiyete bozukluğu, özgül fobi ve alkol kullanım bozukluğu eştanısı açısından her iki cins birbirinden farklıdır. Çalışmamız, Eksen II eştanısı açısından cinsiyetler arasında farklılık değil benzerlik olduğunu göstermiştir.
Gender differences in terms of Axis I and Axis II comorbidity in patients with panic disorder
Objectives: Comorbidity in psychiatric disorders significantly affects the clinical course, the severity of symptoms, and the response to the treatment. Panic disorder can cause considerable disability, reduction of interpersonal relationships, avoidance of certain social situations, and staying away from high-risk jobs and consequently lowering work performance causing loss of job. A number of studies have shown that panic disorder is observed more frequently in females, indicating a gender risk factor. This study investigated potential gender differences in the distribution of Axis II and Axis II comorbidity. Method: A total of 63 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria and had been diagnosed with panic disorder according to DSM-IV participated in this study. 31 (49.2%) patients were female, and 32 (50.8%) were male. Panic disorder was diagnosed with SCID-I (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders). Sociodemographic data were collected using a form developed by the researchers, and the Panic Agoraphobia scale was applied in all cases. The existence of possible childhood separation anxiety was also investigated, and SCID-II was applied to identify Axis II personality disorders. Gender differences in demographic and clinical characteristics and in the comorbidity of Axis I and Axis II disorders were then investigated. Results: The reported prevalence of separation anxiety was considerably higher in the female than in the male patients. Depression, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobias were more common in the female patients, whereas alcohol abuse was more common among the male patients. There was no gender difference in Axis II comorbidity. Conclusions: This comparison of gender differences in Axis I and Axis II disorders that coexist with panic disorders indicated that comorbidities of depression, social and specific phobias, and alcohol abuse comorbidities are different among the genders. However, there appeared to be gender differences in Axis II comorbidities.

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