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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 4; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2013;4(3):131-136
Okul Çocuklarında Somatizasyon ve Somatik Belirtiler Nedeniyle Okul Revirine Başvuru Durumu
FN Şişman, H Kadıoğlu, A Ergün, S Erol
Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışma ilköğretim çağı çocuklarında somatizasyon durumunu ve somatik belirtiler nedeniyle okul revirine başvuru durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışma İstanbul'da bulunan iki kamu ilköğretim okulunun 3-8.sınıflarında öğrenim gören 453 öğrenci ile 2011 bahar döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada veriler Sosyo-Demografik Anket, Çocuk Somatizasyon Envanteri- 24 (çocuk formu) ve Okul Reviri İzlem Formu ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin Çocuk Somatizasyon Envanteri toplam puan ortanca değeri kızlarda 12 (6-19.25), erkeklerde 8 (4-15), tüm grupta 10 (5-17) bulunmuştur. Cinsiyete göre öğrencilerin somatizasyon puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak fark saptanmıştır (p< 0.001). Kızlarda yaş gruplarına göre değerlendirildiğinde, somatizasyon ortanca puanı 12-14 yaş grubunda [ortanca 14 (8, 22)] 9-11 yaş grubundan [ortanca 11 (5, 17.75)] istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0.01). Öğrencilerde en yaygın şikayet olarak %75.7 başağrısı, %57.4 midede ya da karnında ağrı, %55.8 kollarda ya da bacaklarda ağrı, %50.8 enerjide azalma hissi, %47.2 kaslarda güçsüzlük olarak belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin %38.1’i yiyeceklerin hasta etmesi, %36.4’ü kusma, %36’sı kabızlık, %35.3’ü baygınlık/baş dönmesi ve kalbinde/göğsünde ağrı, %34.6’sı midede/karında ağrı, %34’ü kollarda/bacaklarda ağrı nedeniyle sağlık ofisine başvurdukları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışma bulguları Türk adolesanlarda somatik şikayetlerin olduğunu, adölesan kızların somatizasyon puanının daha yüksek olduğunu ve somatik belirtileri olan çocukların en fazla %38’inin sağlık ofisi'ni ziyaret ettiğini göstermiştir.
The Somatization in Schoolchildren and The Status of The Visiting The School Health Office with Somatic Complaints
Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the somatization in schoolchildren and to examine the status of the visiting the school health office with somatic complaints. Methods: This descriptive design study was carried out in two public primary schools with 453 schoolchildren in grades 3-8 in the spring 2011 in Istanbul. Data were collected by The Demographic Questionnaire, Children Somatization Inventory-24 (child form) and School Health Office Follow-up Form. Results: The Children Somatization Inventory total median score was 12 (6-19.25) in the girls, 8 (4-15) in the boys and 10 (5-17) in the all group. There were statistically significant differences in somatization scores according to gender (p< 0.001).Girls in 12-14 years were significantly higher median score [median 14 (8, 22)] than girls in 9-11 years [median 11 (5, 17.75)] on the total score (p=0.01). The most common symptoms were headache (75.7 %), pain in stomach (57.4%), pain in arms or legs (55.8 %), feeling low in energy or slowed down (50.8 %), numbness or tingling in parts of the body (47.2 %). It was determined that the students were visiting the school health office with somatic complaints such as food making sick (38.1%), vomiting (36.4%), constipation (36%), faintness or dizziness and pain in heart or chest (35.3%), pain in stomach or abdomen (34.6%) and pain in arms or legs (34%). Conclusion: This study findings show that there were somatic symptoms in Turkish school children. Adolescent girls had higher somatic symptoms and 38% of schoolchildren with somatic complaints visit school health office.

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