Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2012;13(4):250-255
Depresyon, distimi ve iyileşmiş depresyon hastaları ile sağlıklı kontrol grubunda bilişsel çarpıtmaların karşılaştırılması
C Cerit, B Coşkun
Kocaeli Üniv. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD
Amaç: Bu çalışmada majör depresif bozukluk ve distimik bozukluk hastaları ile tam remisyon halinde olan depresyon hastaları ve sağlıklı bireylerden oluşan grupların 'i şlevsel olmayan tutumlar? ve ?otomatik düşünceler? ile belirlenen bilişsel becerilerinin Beck'i n 'de presyonun bilişsel kuramı? çerçevesinde karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Majör depresif bozukluk tanısı konan 60 hasta, distimik bozukluk tanısı konan 30 hasta, majör depresif bozukluk-tam remisyonda tanısı konan 30 kişi ve 60 sağlıklı birey olmak üzere toplam 180 kişi çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Çalışmaya katılanlara Demografik Bilgiler formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Otomatik Düşünceler Ölçeği, Fonksiyonel Olmayan Tutumlar Ölçeği verilmiştir. Bulgular: Fonksiyonel Olmayan Tutumlar Ölçeğitoplam puanı ve ?onaylanma ihtiyacı? alt ölçeğinden depresyon hastaları ile distimi hastaları, remisyondaki depresyon hastalarından ve kontrol grubundan daha yüksek puan alırken; depresyon grubu ile distimi grubu arasında ve remisyonda depresyon grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. ?Mükemmelci tutum? alt ölçeğinden depresyon hastaları kontrol grubundan daha yüksek puan almakla birlikte, depresyon hastaları ile remisyondaki depresyon grubu arasında anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Otomatik Düşünceler Ölçeği toplam puanı ve tüm alt ölçeklerinden depresyon hasta-ları ile distimi hastaları, remisyondaki depresyon hastalarından ve kontrol grubundan daha yüksek puan alırken; depresyon grubu ile distimi grubu arasında ve remisyonda depresyon grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Tartışma: İyileşmiş depresyon hastalarında bilişsel çarpıtmaların sıklığı depresyon hastalarından belirgin olarak azdır. Bu duruma paralel olarak iyileşmiş hastalarda bilişsel çarpıtmalar kontrol grubuyla eşitlen-mektedir. İstisnai olarak ?mükemmelci tutum? kapsamında değerlendirilebilecek bazı bilişsel çarpıtmalar remisyondaki hastalarda sürüyor olabilir. Distimik bozukluk hastalarında bilişsel çarpıtmalar daha sık görülmekle beraber, bu durum istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir.
The comparison of cognitive distorsions among patients with depression, dysthymia, remitted depression and healthy control group
Objective: In this study, patients with major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, major depressive disorder-complete remission, and healthy individuals are compared on certain cognitive processes like dysfunctional attitudes and automatic thoughts according to Beck's theory of depression. Methods: Sixty patients with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, 30 patients with dysthymic disorder, 30 individuals with major depressive disorder-complete remission, and 60 individuals with no diagnosis were accepted to the study. All participants were given the test battery containing Demographic Information Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS). Results: Patients with depression and dysthymic disorder had higher scores than patients with remitted depression and controls on total DAS scores and the ?need for approval? subscale as well. There were no significant differences either between patients with depression and patients with dysthymic disorder or between patients with remitted depression and controls. Although depressive patients had higher scores than controls, there was no significant difference between patients with depression and patients with remitted depression on ?perfectionistic attitudes? subscale. Patients with depression and dysthymic disorder had higher scores than patients with remitted depression and controls on total Automatic Thoughts Questionary scores and all subscales of it as well. There were no significant differences either between patients with depression and patients with dystimic disorder or between patients with remitted depression and controls. Conclusion: Patients with remitted depression have clearly less cognitive cognitive distortions than patients with depression. In line with that finding, cognitive distor-tions of remitted patients have been found to be equalizing with controls. Exceptionally certain cognitive distortions in the concept of ?perfectionistic attitudes? may have been continuing in patients with remitted depression. Patients with dysthymic disorder appear to have more distortions but this finding was not found to be at a statistically significant level.

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