Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2012;23(3):161-170
Dağıstan Genetik İzolatlarında Erken Başlangıçlı Majör Depresif Bozukluk ile İlişkili Gen Haritalaması
K Bulayeva, T Lencz, S Glatt, T Takumi, F Gurgenova, H Kawakami, O Bulayev
Rusya Bilimler Akademisi, NI Vavilov Genetik Enstitüsü, Moskova, Rusya
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Kafkas Dağıstan yerli etnik toplumlarının genetik izolatlarında erken başlangıçlı major depresif bozukluğun (MDB) moleküler epidemiyolojisini incelemektir.

Yöntem: Uzun dönemli Dağıstan Genetik Kalıtım Araştırma Programımız içinde iki ayrı dağlık izolattan, erken başlangıçlı MDB’nin olduğu iki çok kuşaklı soyağacı belirlendi. İlk izolatta 11’inde intihar girişimi olan 48 MDB (19’u hayatta), ikinci izolatta 12’sinde intihar girişimi olan 60 MDB (30’u hayatta) olgusu vardı. Bölgesel psikiyatri hastanesindeki veriler ve DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerini temel alan DIGS (Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies/Genetik Çalışmalar için Tanısal Değerlendirme) yazılımının Rusça çevirisini kullanarak yaptığımız klinik değerlendirmelerimizi içeren veritabanını kullanarak, etkilenmiş aile bireylerinin fenotipleri belirlendi. Soyağaçlarının etkilenmiş ve etkilenmemiş 64 üyesinin 10cM genomik taraması (Weber/CHLC 9.0 STRs) yapıldı ve veri çok noktalı (multipoint) parametrik bağlantı analizinde kullanıldı. Bu taramadan sonra seçilmiş olgular, gen kopya sayısının (copy number variations/CNV) MDB’nin genetik temeline katkısını saptayabilmek için Affymetrix 6.0 SNP sıralanışı ile analiz edildi.

Bulgular: İki izolatta MDB’ye nominal (LOD>1.3) bağlantılı 18 genomik bölge saptadık. Anlamlı (LOD>3) tüm genom bağlantıları olan 3 genomik bölge belirlendi: 2p13.2-p11.2, 14q31.12-q32.13 ve 22q12.3. Ayrıca MDB için daha önce 4q25, 11p15, 12q23-24, 13q31-32, 18q21-22 ve 22q11-13’de elde edilen bulguları da doğrulamış olduk. Her iki genetik izolatta 6 bağlantı bölgesi belirlenirken, diğer 12 bağlantı topluma özgü heterojenite gösterdi. 18 bağlantı bölgesinden 12’sinde CNV’lerde yeniden düzenlenmeler vardı. Etkilenmiş bireylerde genomik dengesizliğin en yüksek oranda görüldüğü bağlantı bölgeleri 2p13.2-p11.2, 4q25-q28.2, 7p14.1, 8p23, 14q31.12-q32.13, 18q22.1 ve 20p13olarak saptandı.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar genetik olarak homojen izolatlarda MDB’yi de içeren karmaşık hastalıkların gen haritalamasının, bağlantı sinyallerini saptamaya yardım ettiği ve bağlantı bölgelerinde yapısal genomik çeşitlilikleri saptayan yöntemlerle birleştirildiğinde yatkınlık genlerinin araştırılmasını kolaylaştırdığını ileri sürmektedir.
Mapping Genes Related to Early Onset Major Depressive Disorder in Dagestan Genetic Isolates
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular epidemiology of early onset major depressive disorder (MDD) in genetic isolates of the Caucasus Dagestan indigenous ethnic populations using molecular and statistical population-genetic approaches.

Methods: Two multigenerational pedigrees from two diverse remote highland isolates with aggregation of early onset MDD were ascertained within our long-term research program titled ‘Dagestan Genetic Heritage, DGH’. The first isolate included 48 cases of MDD (19 living) with 11 suicides committed, and the second included 60 MDD cases (30 living) with 12 suicides committed. The phenotypes of the affected family members were determined using a database containing diagnoses from a regional psychiatric hospital and through our own clinical examinations, which were based on a Russian translation of DIGS software based on the DSM-IV criteria . A 10 cM genomic scan (Weber/CHLC 9.0 STRs) of the 64 affected and non-affected members of the pedigrees was performed and the data was used for multipoint parametric linkage analyses. Following this scan, selected cases were analyzed by Affymetrix 6.0 SNP arrays in order to refine the contribution of copy number variations (CNVs) to the genetic basis of MDD.

Results: We found a total of 18 genomic regions with nominal (LOD>1.3) linkage to MDD across the two isolates. Three genomic regions had genome-wide significant (LOD>3) linkages and were found at 2p13.2-p11.2, 14q31.12-q32.13 and 22q12.3. We also confirmed previous findings for MDD at 4q25, 11p15, 12q23-24, 13q31-32, 18q21-22 and 22q11-13. Six linkage regions were observed in both genetic isolates, while 12 other linkages demonstrated population-specific heterogeneity. We detected CNV rearrangements within 12 of the 18 linkage regions. Affected subjects had the highest rate of genomic instability within the linkage regions at 2p13.2-p11.2, 4q25-q28.2, 7p14.1, 8p23, 14q31.12-q32.13, 18q22.1 and 20p13.

Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that mapping genes of complex diseases, including MDD, across genetically homogeneous isolates can help detect linkage signals and expedite the search for susceptibility genes when combined with methods that detect structural genomic variation in linkage regions.

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