Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2012;23(3):149-160
İzmir Kent Merkezinde Şizofreni ve Psikotik Belirtili Bozuklukların Yaşamboyu Yaygınlığı ve İlişkili Oldukları Sosyodemografik Özellikler
T Binbay, K Alptekin, H Elbi, N Zağlı, M Drukker, FA Tanık, F Özkınay, H Onay, J Van Os
Atatürk Devlet Hastanesi, Sinop
Amaç: Bir genel toplum örnekleminde psikotik belirtilerin görüldüğü 12 DSM-IV bozukluğunun yaşamboyu yaygınlıklarını saptamak amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Çok katmanlı kümeli bir örnekleme yöntemiyle İzmir kent merkezinde yer alan dokuz ilçe ve 302 mahalleden saptanan haneler Kasım 2007-Ekim 2008 arasında ziyaret edildi. Her hanede rastgele örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 15-64 yaş arası bir kişiyle görüşme yapıldı. Temel tarama aracı olarak Uluslararası Bileşik Tanı Görüşmesi 2.1 kullanıldı. Olası olguları saptamak için farklı basamaklardan oluşan sistematik bir tarama yapıldı. Olası olgu olarak tanımlanan kişiler DSM-IV İçin Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme ile yeniden değerlendirildi. Klinik değerlendirme yapılamayanların tanıları bildirdikleri kayıtlara ve/veya yakınlarına ulaşılarak ya da tarama sonucuna göre netleştirildi.

Bulgular: Toplam 4011 kişi olası psikotik bozukluklar için tarandı. 449 kişi olası olgu olarak tanımlandı. Olası olgulardan 277’sine klinik değerlendirme uygulandı. Görüşülemeyen 172 kişinin tanısı kayıtlar aracılığıyla ya da yapılan ilk taramaya göre netleştirildi. Psikotik belirtilerin görüldüğü 12 DSM-IV bozukluğunun yaşamboyu toplam yaygınlığı %2.62 olarak saptandı. Her bir bozukluğun yaygınlık tahminleri ise şizofreni için %0.74, şizoaffektif bozukluk için %0.20, şizofreniform bozukluk için %0.05, sanrısal bozukluk için %0.10, kısa psikotik bozukluk için %0.12, psikotik bulgulu depresyon için %0.55, bipolar I bozukluk için %0.37, madde kullanımına bağlı psikotik bozukluk için %0.20 ve tıbbi duruma bağlı psikotik bozukluk için %0.07 idi.

Sonuç: Psikotik belirtilerin belirleyici olduğu psikiyatrik bozuklukların yaşamboyu yaygınlığı Türkiye’de daha önce bildirilen oranlardan daha yüksektir. %2.5’i aşan yaygınlıklarıyla bu bozukluklar önde gelen halk sağlığı sorunlarından bir tanesini oluşturmaktadır.
Lifetime Prevalence and Correlates of Schizophrenia and Disorders with Psychotic Symptoms in the General Population of Izmir, Turkey
Objective: To estimate the lifetime prevalence of 12 DSM-IV disorders with psychotic symptoms in a general population survey.

Method: Addresses were contacted in a multistage clustered area probability sampling frame of administrative neighbourhoods and households, covering 9 districts and 302 neighbourhoods in the Izmir metropolitan area between November 2007 and October 2008. One household member aged between 15 and 64 [year]s and available to complete the interview was randomly selected using a within-household sampling method. The primary screening instrument was the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1. A systematic screening procedure was implemented to detect probable cases with any psychotic disorder. Those selected by the screens were re-interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Diagnoses of individuals who were not available for re-interview were made by combining screening information with case register diagnoses and/or the telephone interviews with relatives or spouse.

Results: A total of 4011 individuals were screened for disorders with psychotic symptoms. After screening, 499 respondents were selected as a probable case. 277 of screen positive respondents were available for clinical reappraisal. Initial screening interviews and additional material were used for best estimate diagnoses of the remaining 172 respondents. Total lifetime prevalence of 12 DSM-IV disorders with psychotic symptoms was 2.62%. Lifetime prevalence of each disorder separately were as follows: 0.74% for schizophrenia, 0.20% for schizoaffective disorder, 0.05% for schizophreniform disorder, 0.10% for delusional disorder, 0.12% for brief psychotic disorder, 0.55% for major depressive disorder with psychotic features, 0.37% for bipolar I disorder, 0.20% for substance induced psychotic disorder, and 0.07% for psychotic disorders due to a general medical condition.

Conclusion: Total lifetime prevalence of disorders with psychotic symptoms is higher than any previously reported estimates in Turkey; with a prevalence of approximately 2.5%, these disorders can be considered a major public health concern.

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