Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 50; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2012;50(2):105-107
Sigara İçmeyle Kötüleşen, Haloperidole Bağlı Miyoklonik Distoni: Bir Olgu Sunumu
Ş Kartalcı, S Ünal, BE Cumurcu, R Karlıdağ
İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri ABD, Malatya
Akut distoni, antipsikotiklerle tedavi başladıktan kısa süre sonra ortaya çıkan bir yan etkidir. Uzamış kas kasılmalarıyla karakterize bu hareket bozukluğu tipik olarak yavaş olmakla birlikte, miyoklonik distoni olarak tanımlanan hızlı distoniler de tanımlanmıştır. Genellikle çenede kilitlenme, retrokollis, tortikollis ya da opistotonusa neden olacak şekilde baş, boyun veya faringeal kaslar etkilenir. Ancak ses tonunda bozulmalarla birlikte olan akut laringeal distoniler de nâdiren rapor edilmiştir. Altmış yıldır biliniyor olmasına rağmen, akut distoninin altında yatan mekanizma hâlen açıkça anlaşılamamıştır. Ancak, antipsikotiklerin bazal ganglionlarda D2 reseptörlerini bloke etmesine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan striatal dopaminerjik ve kolinerjik fonksiyon bozukluklarıyla ilişkili olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu olgu sunumunda, haloperidole bağlı gelişen ve sigara içmekle artan atipik distonili bir hasta sunulmuş ve akut distonide kolinerjik sistemin olası rolü tartışılmıştır.
Smoking Induced Worsening of Myoclonic Dystonia due to Haloperidol: A Case Report
Acute dystonia is a side effect of antipsychotic medication, and appears shortly after beginning treatment. The movement disorder is characterized by sustained muscle contractions that are typically slow, but rapid dystonia referred to as myoclonic dystonia has also been described. Cranial, pharyngeal and cervical muscles are generally affected causing fixation of the jaw, retrocollis, torticollis or opisthotonic posturing. Acute laryngeal dystonia (laryngospasm) with dysphonia has rarely been reported. Although known for six decades, the mechanism underlying acute dystonia is not clearly understood. It has been reported to be associated with striatal dopaminergic and cholinergic dysfunction due to the D2 receptor blockade of antipsychotics in the basal ganglia. We discuss a patient with haloperidol-induced atypical myoclonic dystonia that got worse with smoking together with the role of the cholinergic system in acute dystonia in this case report.

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