Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2012; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2012;5(1):94-98
Dikkat Eksikliği/Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tedavi Edilmezse Ne Olur?
GV Saraçoğlu, S Doğan
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tekirdağ
Araştırmalar, dikkat eksikliği/hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) olan erişkinlerin genel topluma kıyasla okulu bırakma, işten atılma ve evlilik sorunları yaşama açısında daha yüksek riske sahip olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Ayrıca DEHB'si olan erişkinler tipik olarak daha düşük eğitimlidir, iş başarıları ve sosyal becerileri daha zayıftır. Genel topluma oranla DEHB'li erişkinler daha yüksek düzeyde anksiyete ve depresyon yaşarlar. Son zamanlarda yapılan araştırmalar, genel sağlık durumlarının bozulması, ciddi motorlu araç kazaları yapmaları, sigara ve madde kullanımı yönünden de yüksek riskleri olduğunu göstermiştir. Klinik deneyimler DEHB'li kişilerin heyecan verici ve riskli işleri (örn., borsa, yeni iş kurma) daha çekici bulduklarını göstermiştir. DEHB'li pek çok erişkin sık iş değiştirdiğini, işlerini planlamada zorlandığını (örn., maddi durumunu düzenleme, üniversitede derslerini yetiştirme), dağınık olduğunu, tehlikeli araç kullandığını, tutarsız ilişkiler yaşadığını, boş zamanlarını uyarıcı etkinliklerle geçirdiğini (örn., tehlikeli sporlar, Internet kullanımı) ifade etmektedir. Ev işleri (temizlik, yemek yapma) ve çocuklarının bakımı ile ilgili düzenlemelerde zorlandıklarını bildirmektedirler. Son olarak, uluslararası çalışmalar çocuklukta DEHB taramasının cezaevindeki gençlerin üçte ikisinde, erişkinlerin yarısında pozitif olduğunu ve erişkin erkek suçluların %14, erişkin kadın suçluların %10 oranında semptomatik olmaya devam ettiğini göstermiştir.
Consequences of Untreated Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Research findings suggest that relative to the general population, adult population with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at greater risk of dropping out of school, being fired from their jobs and having marital problems. In addition, they typically have fewer [year]s of schooling, lower occupational achievement and poor social skills. Also, adults with ADHD experience higher levels of anxiety and depression than general population. In addition, recent research has identified an increased risk of poor medical health, serious motor vehicle crashes, cigarette smoking and drug abuse among adults with the disorder. Clinical experiences suggest that adults with ADHD are attracted to occupations that are exciting and have an element of risk (e.g., stockbroking, entrepreneurial ventures). Many adults with ADHD report frequent changes in employment, poor planning abilities (e.g., organizing finances, handling course work at college), messiness, dangerous driving, unstable relationship, and engagement in leisure activities that are highly stimulating (e.g., high-contact sports, surfing the Internet) They also express difficulty organizing their homes (e.g., cooking regular meals, cleaning) and managing their children. Finally, international studies from different countries report that up to two-thirds of young offenders and half of the adult prison population screen positively for childhood ADHD, and many continue to be symptomatic with rates reported at 14% in adult male offenders and 10% in adult female offenders.

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