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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 50; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2012;50(1):31-39
Kitle İletişim Araçlarından Televizyonun 3-6 Yaş Grubundaki Çocukların Davranışları Üzerine Etkisi
S Özakar, C Koçak
Hitit Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu
Amaç: Anaokuluna devam eden 3-6 yaş grubu çocukların televizyon izleme sıklığı, yayınlanan
programların içeriğinin belirlenmesi, çizgi film, film ve reklamlardaki şiddetin çocukların saldırgan
davranışlarına etkisini incelemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel olarak plânlanan çalışmanın örneklemini 13.05-18.05.2011 tarihleri
arasında Çorum ilindeki Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü bünyesinde bağımsız anaokullarındaki tüm öğrenciler
oluşturmuştur (n=516). Veri toplama aracı olarak literatür doğrultusunda geliştirilen soru formu
kullanıldı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizleri yüzdelik, ortalama ki-kare testleri ile yapıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan çocukların %51.4'ü erkek ve yaş ortalamaları 5±0.8'dir. Çocukların
%44.6'sı ne kadar süre ile hangi programları izleyeceklerini kendisi belirlemektedir. %59.8'i şiddet
içeren çizgi film izlemektedir. Erkek öğrencilerin şiddete eğilimlerinin kız öğrencilere oranla daha
fazla olduğu, çocukların yaşları büyüdükçe ne kadar süre televizyon izleyeceğine kendisinin karar
verme oranının arttığı belirlenmiştir (p=0.011). 3 yaşındaki çocukların %100'ü nün şiddet içeren dizi
izlediği görülmüştür (p=0.000).
Tartışma: Küçük yaşlardan itibaren, kontrolsüz televizyon izleyen çocukların televizyon bağımlısı
olma ihtimalinin yükseldiği, yorum yapma-muhakeme etme yeteneklerinin olumsuz yönde etkilenebileceği ve çevre ile iletişimde sıkıntılar yaşanabileceği bildirilmiştir. Çalışmada çocukların taklit
ederek öğrendikleri, öğrendiklerini uygulamaya çalıştıkları ve izledikleri çizgi film karakterlerini
taklit ettikleri görülmüştür. Çocuklar güçlü karakterlere daha çok önem verdiklerinden şiddet içerikli
çizgi film izledikleri yorumunu yaptırmaktadır. Çalışmada çocukların yaşları büyüdükçe ne kadar
süre ile televizyon izleyeceklerine kendilerinin karar verme oranı artmaktadır.
Sonuç: Çocukların oyun oynarken çizgi film kahramanlarını oyunlarına katmaları ve taklit etmeleri,
çizgi filmlerden gördüklerini hayatlarına katacak kadar çok etkilendiklerini gösterir. Bunun sonucunda
saldırgan davranışlarda bulunan anti-sosyal, saldırgan bir çocuk oluşur. Çocuk sağlığı
hemşiresi olarak ailelere televizyon izleme sürelerinin çocuğa bırakılmamasının ve çocuklara büyükler
için yayımlanan programlar izletilmemesinin önemi anlatılmalıdır.
Mass Communication Tool Behavior on the Effects of TV Violence Children Age Group 3-6
Purpose: This ongoing study aims to daycare for 3-6 [year]-old children's frequency of television
watching, to determine the content of programs broadcast on television, cartoons, movies and advertisements
on children's aggressive behavior to examine the impact of violence. Method: This descriptive study was realized between 13.05.2011-18.05.2011 in independent kindergartens
related to the Directorate of National Education in the province of Çorum. It is found
with 648 students aging 3-6 going to the nursery school. Aiming at the entire universe, and the
data collected at the school is willing to participate in the study sample consisted of 516 students.
Data were collected using a questionnaire developed by researchers in accordance with the relevant
literature. Computer data analysis, percentage, means, and chi-square tests were performed.
Findings: Children participated in the study 48.6% of girls and half of the five [year]s old. 92.6%
decides which program to watch, watching cartoons consisting violence is 30.6%, violent cartoons.
As 59.8% children watching violent cartoons, 62.8% of them violent love the violent characters.
The most important reason for this is emphasis on being powerful and children love strong characters
thus watch violent cartoons. 100% of the children stated that they want to have super powers,
and they wanted to use their power to destroy the wicked. Female students have more tendencies
violent than female students (p=0.000). The average age of children deciding how long TV
they will follow is getting higher (p<0.005), with which the series follows the relationship between
the 3- [year]-old children of all ages, the high rate of other age groups, followed by children watching
violent cartoons (p=0.000).
Discussion: This were reported the children of uncontrolled watching television from an early age
increased likelihood of becoming addicted to television, adversely affected talent of interpretation-
ratiocinate and difficulties that may occur in communication with the environment. This descriptive
study was children's learned by imitating, trying to implement what they have learned and
imitated by their watching movie characters. Children makes interpretation of series of violent cartoons
and movies watched from more emphasis on the strong characters in child. The average age
of children deciding how long TV they will follow is getting higher (p<0.005), with which the series
follows the relationship between the 3- [year]-old children of all ages, the high rate of other age
groups, followed by children watching violent cartoons (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Children being affected by violence is inevitable, children playing games take in the
cartoon characters and they attempt to imitate the heroes in cartoons. As a result, they end up
with aggressive and anti-social behavior, and turns out to be an aggressive child. As a child health
nurse; families? description in importance of the child should not be left watching TV, TV programmers
must be selected. Program specialists should select the TV programs for children; mothers and
fathers should not consider TV as a means of spending time. Children should not watch programs
for adults.

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