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Yıl:2011; Cilt: 48; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2011;48(4):277-280
Ilımlı Bulgular ile Seyreden bir Marchiafava-Bignami Hastasının Tanısında Diffüzyon Ağırlıklı Manyetik Rezonans Görüntülemenin Katkısı
B Bilgiç, AB Arslan, H Bulut, A Bayram, FG Hızlı
İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi
Marchiafava-Bignami hastalığı, özellik olarak korpus kallozum dejenerasyonu ile giden kronik alkolizm ile ilişkili nadir bir hastalıktır. Klinik bulgular çeşitli olsa da iki ana klinik alt tipe indirgenebilir: bilinç değişiklikleri ile giden ve komaya neden olabilen ağır tip; ve hafif bulgular ile giden ve alkol yoksunluğu bulguları içinde kolaylıkla gözden kaçabilecek hafif tip. Bu hastalıkta beslenmenin düzeltilmesi ve tedavi ile hastalığa bağlı koma bile düzelebilmektedir. Burada 40 yaşında olan ve Marchiafava-Bignami tanısı alan bir hasta sunulmaktadır. Hastanın klinik bulguları silik olmakla birlikte tanı esas olarak görüntülüme verileri sayesinde yapılmıştır. 1.5 tesla magnet ile yapılan diffüzyon ağırlıklı manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) sekansında, korpus kallozumun arka kısmında, FLAIR, T2 ve T1 sekanslarına göre çok daha iyi seçilebilen 6x10 mm boyutlarında ovoid nodüler lezyon izlenmiştir. Tiamin tedavisi (100 mg/gün bir hafta boyunca) verilmesinin ardından takiplerde lezyon tamamen ortadan kalkmıştır. İskemik serebrovasküler hastalık tanısında sıklıkla kullanılan bir teknik olan difüzyon-ağırlıklı MRG, Machiafava-Bignami hastalığının tanısına da oldukça önemli katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu sekansta izlenen bulgular sitotoksik ödem ve demiyelinizasyon ile ilişkili olarak düşünülebilir.
A Marchiafava-Bignami Patient with Mild Symptoms and the Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis
Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare entity associated with chronic
alcoholism, with the degeneration of the corpus callosum being its most important
characteristic. Clinical presentations may be in various forms, but the disorder can
be divided into 2 broad clinical subtypes: a more severe type presenting with
disorders of consciousness, which may lead to coma; or a second subtype with
milder symptoms, easily underdiagnosed due to the similarity with alcohol
withdrawal symptoms. With treatment and restoration of nutrition, the symptoms
may be alleviated and the patient may even recover from the disease-induced
coma. We present the case of a 40- [year]-old woman who was diagnosed with
MBD. The patient had relatively weak symptoms and the diagnosis was made
primarily on cranial imaging data. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) was performed
using a 1.5-Tesla MR system and it was seen to be significantly more efficient in
detecting the ovoid nodular lesion of 6x10 mm size in the posterior corpus
callosum, compared to FLAIR- and T1- and T2-weighted sequences. The lesion
was no longer visible in the follow-up imaging studies after thiamine (100 mg/day
for a week) treatment. It is concluded that DWI, a commonly used technique in the
diagnosis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, also has significant diagnostic
value for MBD. In diffusion-weighted sequence, the variation from low to high
intensities in apparent diffusion coefficient throughout the progression can be
explained by cytotoxic edema and pure demyelination, respectively.

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