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Yıl:2011; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2011;1(4):276-288
Antidepresan İlaçların Kardiyovasküler Yan Etkileri
SU Kaymak, H Soygür
Ankara Onkoloji Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
Günümüzde trisiklik antidepresanlar hipotansiyon ve yaşamı tehdit eden aritmiler nedeniyle artık depresyon hastalarındaki ilk seçenek
olarak kullanılmamaktadır. Tolere edilmelerindeki güçlük ve yüksek dozda alındıklarında güvenli olmayışlarından dolayı trisiklik antidepresanlar
yerlerini seçici serotonin geri alım inhibitörlerine (SSGİ) ve çift etkili ajanlara bırakmıştır. Diğer yeni antidepresanlar, serotonin
norepinefrin geri alım inhibitorleri (SNGİ), norepinefrin gerialım inhibitörleri (NARI)?dir. Yeni antidepresanların birçok hafif yan etkileri
uyum süresinden sonra kaybolur. Yeni antidepresanlar özellikle SSGİ'ler kalp hastaları ve yaşlılarda ilk seçenek olarak düşünülmelidir.
Kardiyovasküler yan etkiler sık değilse de henüz veriler sınırlıdır. SSGİ'lerin öne çıkan yan etkileri hafif bradikardi ve QT uzamasıdır. Bununla
birlikte başka ilaçlarla birlikte kullanıldıklarında önemli sorunlara neden olabilirler. Yüksek kan basıncı, koroner spazm, aritmiler ve
metabolik parametrelerde bozulmalar diğer yeni antidepresanların olası zarar verici etkileridir. Klinisyenler bu potansiyel yan etkileri gözlemede
daha dikkatli olmalılar ve antidepresan tedavi süresince metabolik parametreler ve EKG takibi yapmalıdırlar. Yeni antidepresanların
kalp ve damar sistemi üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi için hala yeni araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Cardiovascular side effects of antidepressants

Currently, since triciyclic antidepressants cause hypotension and life threatening arrhythmias, they are no longer the first line treatment
in depressed patients. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors have replaced TCAs as the drugs of choice in the treatment of depressive
disorders, mainly because of their improved tolerability and safety even though taken in overdose. New antidepressants particularly selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors should be considered as first-line treatments in patients with cardiovascular disease or older patients. Many
minor side effects disappear after the adaptation phase of new antidepressants and cardiovascular side effects are not frequent but there is
stil limited evidence. The most prominent side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are mild bradycardia and QT prolongation
which are serious when used in combination therapy. High blood pressure, coronary vasospasm, arrhythmias and deterioration of the
metabolic parameters are the possible harmful effects of the other newer antidepressants. Clinicians should be careful to monitor these
potential adverse reactions and metabolic parameteres and ECG has to be monitored during antidepressant intervention. Further studies
are still needed to judge the effects of newer antidepressants on heart and vascular system.

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