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Yıl:2011; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2011;1(2):122-139
Bipolar Bozuklukta Ek Tanılar
N Özpoyraz, G Karakuş
Çukurova Üniv. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD, Adana
Bipolar bozukluk doğası gereği yineleyen, ömür boyu süren ve karmaşık bir hastalıktır. Bu karmaşık süreç içersinde en önemli sorunlardan
biri de ektanı varlığıdır. Hastaların yaklaşık 2/3'si nde yaşam boyu bir ektanı görülmektedir. Bunlar arasında tıbbi hastalıklar dışında
en sık görülen ruhsal ektanılar, anksiyete bozuklukları, alkol ve madde kullanım sorunları, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, yeme
bozuklukları, dürtü kontrol bozuklukları ve kişilik bozukluklarıdır. Ektanının varlığında hastalığın klinik görünümünde önemli değişiklikler
olmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalarda bipolar bozuklukla başka bir ruhsal hastalığın birlikte bulunduğu durumlarda; hastalığın erken
başladığı, gidiş ve sonlanımın kötüleştiği, tedaviye yanıtın azaldığı, özkıyım riskinin arttığı, iyilik dönemlerinin kısalıp yineleme ve hastaneye
yatış sıklığının arttığı, işlevsel iyileşmenin geciktiği, sosyal ve mesleki işlevselliğin bozulduğu gösterilmiştir. Bipolar bozuklukta ektanı
varlığında tedavi seçeneklerine ilişkin kesin bir rehber bulunmamaktadır. Bu alanda kanıt değeri taşıyan yeterli kontrollü çalışma yoktur.
Genel olarak tedavide ana amaç duygudurumun dengelenmesidir. Her hasta kendine özgü özellikleriyle değerlendirilip yaşam çizelgesiyle
izlenerek tedavi planı oluşturulmalıdır. Bu yazıda, var olan bilgilerle ektanılı durumları tanıma, klinik özelliklerini anlamaya ve
tedavi seçeneklerini oluşturmaya yönelik bilgiler aktarılmış, okuyucuya fikir vermesi açısından tedavi önerileri oluşturulup sunulmuştur.
Comorbidity in bipolar disorders

Bipolar disorder is a complicated, life-long recurrent mental disorder. One of the most important problem in the complicated course of
this disorder is the presence of comorbidity. Two thirds of these patients had at least one lifetime comorbid disorder with bipolar disorder.
Apart from comorbid medical disorders, the most common comorbid mental disorders are anxiety disorders, alcohol and drug use disorders,
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, eating disorders, impulse control disorders, and personality disorders. The clinical course
of the disorder significantly change due to the presence of comorbidity. The previous studies have shown that in case of comorbidity the
patients with bipolar disorder had earlier onset of disease, poorer prognosis, less response to treatment, increase in suicide risk, shorter
euthymic periods, increase in recurrence and hospitalization rate, delay in functional recovery, and disturbances in social and occupational
functionality. There is no definitive guideline presenting treatment options in the presence of comorbidity for bipolar disorder. There is
not sufficient number of placebo controled study to make an evidence based guidelines in this issue. The main target in the treatment is
stabilizing the mood episodes. All patients should be evaluated individually and followed up with life-chart to compose a treatment plan.
In this article we present information regarding the diagnosis of comorbidity, clinical features and treatment of comorbid conditions in
bipolar patients. We also added some of our treatment suggestions in bipolar disorder comorbidities.

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