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Yıl:2011; Cilt: 48; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2011;48(1):71-74
Muhtemel Sporadik Creutzfeldt-Jakob Hastalığı Heidenhain Varyantının Tanısında EEG
A Akçalı, O Saygılı, İ Karaoğlan, M Neyal
Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Gaziantep
Muhtemel Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJH) tanısı için Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tanı kriterlerinden biri elektroensefalografide (EEG) periyodik keskin dalga deşarjlarının görülmesidir. Son yıllarda difüzyon MR görüntüleri erken tanıda önem kazanmıştır. Sporadik CJH'nin klinik bulguları progresif demans, myoklonus, ataksi ve görsel semptomlardan oluşurken, Heidenhain varyantında görsel semptomlar diğer semptomlardan haftalarca önce başlangıç bulgusu olarak ortaya çıkar. Bu yazıda görsel halüsinasyonları, kortikal körlüğü ve diplopisi olan Heidenhain varyantı iki CJH olgusu sunulmaktadır. Olguların klinik ve EEG bulguları ile CJH'de n şüphelenilmiş ve BOS 14-3-3 protein testi ile tanı kriterleri tamamlanmıştır. Görsel semptomlar ve davranış değişiklikleri ile başvuran hastalarda tekrarlayan EEG çekimleri yapmak ve eğer periyodik keskin dalga kompleksleri saptanırsa diğer tanı testlerini istemek gerekir.
EEG in Diagnosing Heidenhain Variant of Probable Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is probable if periodic sharp wave complexes are recorded on electroencephalography (EEG). Recently, diffusion MRI takes an important place in the early diagnosis. The clinical findings of sporadicCJD consist of progressive dementia, myoclonus, ataxia and visual symptoms, while in the Heidenhain variant, the visual symptoms are the initial one occurring weeks before other symptoms. Herein, we report two cases of Heidenhain variant of CJD with visual hallucinations, cortical blindness and diplopia. The patients were suspected of having CJD due to their clinical and EEG findings and were finally diagnosed after detection of protein 14-3-3 in the cerebrospinal fluid. Patients presenting with visual sings and abnormal behaviors should be investigated with repeated EEG recordings, and if periodic sharp wave complexes are observed, other tests should be ordered.

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