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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2010;13(2):92-96
Kleine-Levin Sendromu: Bir Olgu Sunumu
H Karadağ, B Alışır, S Örsel, H Türkçapar
Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ankara
Kleine-Levin sendromu periyodik hipersomnia, mental bozukluklar, hiperfaji ve hiperseksüalite gibi davranış bozuklukları ile karakterize nöropsikiyatrik bir hastalıktır. Sendrom ataklar halinde seyreder, ani olarak başlar ve sonlanır, birkaç gün ile birkaç hafta arası sürer. KLS çok nadir görülmekle birlikte yaygınlığı bilinmemektedir. En sık 16-20 yaşlarında görüldüğü ve daha çok erkek cinsiyeti etkilediği bildirilmektedir. Etiyopatogenezi bilinmemektedir. Hipotalamik, serotonerjik ve dopaminerjik yolaklardaki disfonksiyonun KLS zemininde yer aldığı ileri sürülmektedir. Epizotlar genellikle bir viral enfeksiyonu, kafa travmasını veya psikojenik stresi takiben aniden başlayabilir. Epizotlar arasında uyku bozukluğu görülmez, hastalar fiziksel ve mental olarak normaldir. Literatürde epizot sıklığı ile ilgili olarak kesin bir bilgi bulunmamakla birlikte, yılda ortalama iki -oniki epizot geçiren olgular bildirilmektedir. KLS için objektif tanı ölçütler bulunmamaktadır. Literatürdeki hastaların elektroensefalografik ve polisomnografik çalışmaları özgün değişiklikler içermemektedir. Bu tanıyı alan pek çok hasta uluslararası uyku bozuklukları sınıflandırmasının tanı için gerekli olan kriterlerini tam olarak karşılamamaktadır. Son yıllarda hipersomniaya davranış bozukluklarının eşlik etmediği formlarının da olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu makalede kliniğimizde izlenen, son 5 yılda 8 hipersomnia atağıyla birlikte büyüme hormonu ve kortizol yüksekliği saptanan, davranış bozukluklarının eşlik etmediği 22 yaşındaki kadın hastanın klinik tablosu "monosemptomatik/ atipik Kleine-Levin Sendromu" çerçevesinde tartışılacaktır.
The Kleine-Levine Syndrome: A Case Report
Kleine- Levin syndrome is a neuropsychiatric illness, characterised
by recurring episodes of hypersomnia, mental
disturbances and abnormal behaviour including hyperfagia
and hypersexuality. The episodes start suddenly and
continue during few days to a few weeks. KLS is a rare
syndrome but we don't know its prevalence. The syndrome
is seen often between 16-20 ages and effects
males more. Ethiopathogenesis is not clear. It is hypothesized
that dysfunction of the hypothalamic, serotonergic
and dopaminergic pathways are related with KLS.
The episodes generally start suddenly after a viral infection,
head injury or sometimes after a psychological
stress. Between the episodes, there is no sleep disturbance
and patients are physically and mentally normal.
There is not a certain data on frequency of episodes but
according to several case reports there are mean 2-12
episodes per [year]. There is no objective diagnostic criterion.
EEG and PSG studies don't include specific features.
A lot of KLS patients don't meet the criteria of the
international sleep disorder classification. Ýn recent
[year]s, shown that the hypersomnia form is not associated
with behavioural disorders. In this report we are discussing
a 22 [year]s old female outpatient, who has eight
hypersomnia episodes without behaviour abnormality in
past five [year]s and has elevated growth hormone and
elevated cortisole levels, in the context of "monosymptomatic/
atypical kleine-Levin syndrome".
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