Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2010; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2010;21(2):167-175
Madde Kullanım Bozukluklarında Ketiyapinin Yeri, Kötüye Kullanım ve Bağımlılık Olasılığı: Bir Gözden Geçirme
S Erdoğan
Gazisomanpaşa Üniversitesi, Tokat
Ketiyapin FDA (Food and Drug Administration) tarafındanşizofreni, akut mani ve bipolar depresyon tedavilerinde kullanılması onaylanmışbir atipik antipsikotiktir. Farmakolojik olarak serotonin 5-HT1A,5-HT2A, dopamin D1, D2, histamin H1ve adrenerjik α1, α2 reseptörleri üzerindeantagonistik etkilere sahiptir. Literatürde şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluğunyanı sıra anksiyete bozuklukları ve madde kullanım bozukluklarının tedavisindekullanılmasıyla ilgili de çalışmalar mevcuttur. Psikotik bozukluk ya da bipolarbozuklukla birlikte madde kullanım bozukluğu bulunan hastaların tedavisinde herne kadar ketiyapin esas olarak altta yatan psikotik belirtilerin tedavisi içinkullanılsa da, bu tedaviyi alan hastalar madde kullanımlarında önemli oranlardaazalma olduğunu bildirilmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte özellikle cezaevindekitutuklularda ve madde kullanım bozukluğu olan hastalarda ketiyapin kötüyekullanımı ve bağımlılığına dair vaka bildirimlerine de rastlanmaktadır. Her nekadar ketiyapin oral yoldan kullanılması gereken bir ilaçsa da bu hastagrubunda burundan çekme ve damardan enjeksiyon yoluyla da kullanılmaktadır.Ayrıca bazı vakalarda sedasyon etkisinin arttırılması için ketiyapin kokain,marihuana gibi bağımlılık yapıcı başka maddelerle birlikte de alınmaktadır.Ketiyapin kötüye kullanımının ilacın anksiyolitik ve sedatif etkilerindenkaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Literatürde ketiyapin bağımlılığına yönelikkontrollü bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır ve ketiyapinin bağımlılığa yol açıpaçmadığı henüz tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Bu gözden geçirme yazısındaliteratürde bulunan ketiyapin kötüye kullanımı ile ilgili vakaların bir arada sunulmasıve bu kötüye kullanım ya da bağımlılığın altında yatan olası mekanizmalarıntartışılması amaçlanmıştır.
Quetiapine in Substance Use Disorders, Abuse and Dependence Possibility: A Review
Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychoticapproved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for use in the treatment ofschizophrenia, acute mania, and bipolar depression. Pharmacologically, it hasantagonistic effects on serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A, dopamine D1 and D2,histamine H1, and adrenergic α1 and α2 receptors. In addition toreports of its use in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, many studies haveexamined the use of quetiapine in the treatment of anxiety disorders andsubstance use disorders. In the treatment of patients with psychotic or bipolardisorder with a comorbid substance abuse disorder even though quetiapine wasprescribed primarily for the treatment of the underlying psychotic symptoms,patients taking this medication reported a significant reduction in substanceuse. Yet, there are also case reports of quetiapine abuse and dependence; inparticular among prisoners and patients diagnosed with substance abuse. Thoughquetiapine should be used peroral, it is also used intranasally andintravenously in these patient groups. Moreover, in some cases quetiapine iscombined with other substances, such as cocaine or marijuana, to increasesedation. This abuse of quetiapine is thought to occur due to the anxiolytic andsedative effects of the drug. There are no controlled studies on quetiapinedependence in the literature and it remains unknown whether or not quetiapinecauses dependence. This review aimed to present all published case reports on quetiapine abuse and to discuss the possible mechanisms that underlie its abuse and dependence.

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