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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2010;21(2):114-125
Tıp Eğitimi Geleceğin Hekimlerinin Ruh Sağlığı Sorunu Olan Bireylere Yönelik Tutumlarını Etkilemektemidir?
NP Erbaydar, N Çilingiroğlu
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Bu çalışma, tıp eğitimininöğrencilerin ruhsal sağlık sorunu olan bireylere yönelik tutumları üzerindekietkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Araştırmanın ilk aşaması, 2002yılında birinci sınıf öğrencilerinde (n=168), ikinci aşaması 2007 yılındaöğrenciler altıncı sınıftayken (n=202) yürütülmüştür. Veriler öğrencilerinsosyo-demografik özelliklerini ve ruhsal sağlık sorunu yaşayan bireylereyönelik tutumlarını irdeleyen soru ve önermeleri içeren bir anket formu iletoplanmıştır. Soru ve önermelerden bileşik bir tutum indeksi geliştirilmiştir.Analizde ki-kare testi ve varyans analizleri kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin birinci ve altıncısınıfta yaş ortalamaları sırasıyla 18.25±0.88 ve 23.46±0.85 yıldır. Kendisindeya da yakınlarında ruhsal sağlık sorunu görülme sıklığı öğrenciler altıncısınıfa geldiklerinde artmıştır (sırasıyla birinci sınıf: % 4.2, % 7.4, p=0.187 vealtıncı sınıf % 14.3, % 27.7, p=0.001). Ruhsal sağlık sorunu olan kişiylekarşılaşıldığında birinci sınıfta en fazla tedirginlik, altıncı sınıfta acıma hissedilmektedir. Birinci sınıfa kıyasla altıncı sınıfta ?ruhsal sağlıksorunu olan bireye ailesi bakmalıdır? diye düşünenlerin (% 49.4'den % 64.9'a,p=0.003) payı artmıştır. Ruhsal sağlık sorunu olan kişilerin sosyal yaşama ayakuydurabileceklerine inananların payı altıncı sınıf öğrencilerinde daha düşüktür(sırasıyla % 94.6 ve % 88.6; p=0.040). Öğrenciler altıncı sınıfa geldiklerindeilk yıllarına kıyasla ruhsal sağlık sorunu olan kişiyle konuşmaktan çekinme(p=0.015) ve oda paylaşma (p=0.008) konularında istatistiksel olarak önemlidüzeyde daha olumlu, 'a ilesinde ruhsal sağlık sorunu bulunan bireyle evlenme'konusunda ise (p=0.007) daha olumsuz tutum benimsemişlerdir. Çalışmakapsamındaki öğrencilerin sınıfa göre bileşik tutum indeksi puan ortalamalarıarasında önemli bir fark yoktur (p=0.940).

Sonuç: Tıp öğrencilerinin ruhsal sağlıksorunu yaşayan bireylere yönelik tutumlarının olumlu yöndeki geliştirilebilmesiiçin yeni eğitim yaklaşımlarının kullanılması önerilmiştir.
Does Medical Education Influence the Attitudes of Medical Students Towards Individuals with Mental Health Problems?
Objective: This survey aimed toinvestigate the effect of medical education on the attitudes of studentstowards individuals with mental health problems.

Method: The first phase of thesurvey was conducted in 2002 with first- [year] medical students (n= 168) and thesecond phase was carried out in 2007 (n= 202) with sixth- [year] medical students.The questionnaire we used collected the students' sociodemographic data andtheir responses to propositions that reflected their attitudes towards individualswith mental health problems. A composite attitude index was developed based onthe questions and propositions. The chi-square test and variance analysis wereused to analyze the data.

Results:Mean ageof the first-and last- [year] students was 18.25 ± 0.88 and 23.46 ± 0.85 [year]s,respectively. The percentage of students that had mental health problem or hada family member with mental health problem increased when they were sixth- [year]students (first [year]: 4.2% and 14.3%, p= 0.187, and 7.4% and 27.7%, p= 0.002,respectively). Among the first- [year] students, ?nervousness? was the most commonfeeling towards people with mental health problems, versus ?pity? among thesixth- [year] students. Compared to the first phase of the study, the frequency ofthe opinion, ?a person with a mental health problem must be cared for by theirfamily?, was higher during the second phase (from 49.4% to 64.9%, p= 0.003).The percentage of sixth- [year] students that thought people with mental healthproblems can adapt to social life was lower than that of first- [year] students(94.6%, and 88.6%, respectively, p= 0.040). When the students became sixth- [year]students they developed more positive attitudes, such as ?to abstain to talk?(p= 0.015), and ?to share a room? (p= 0.008), and more negative attitudestowards ?marrying an individual that had a family member with a mental healthproblem? (p= 0.007) compared to when they were first- [year] students. Accordingto the [year] of education, there wasn't a significant difference between themean composite attitude index score (p= 0.940).

Conclusion: We recommended the use ofnew training methods to develop positive attitudes among medical studentstowards individuals with mental health problems.

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