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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2010;21(2):105-113
Şizofreni Hastalarının Yakınlarının Hastalıkla İlgili Bilgi ve Görüşleri
M Yıldız, A Yazıcı, Ö Çetinkaya, R Bilici, R Elçim
Kocaeli Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi
Amaç: Şizofreni hastalarının yakınlarının hastalık, nedenleri, tedavisi ve sonuçlarıyla ilgili bilgi ve görüşlerini saptamak ve bunların hangi değişkenlerden etkilendiğini araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: İki farklı kurumda ayaktan izlenen şizofreni hastalarının birlikte yaşadıkları 332 aile üyesi ile görüşüldü. Görüşmede aile üyelerinin nüfus özelliklerini, hastaların klinik özelliklerini, ailelerin hastalığın tanısı ile ilgili bilgilerini sorgulayan ve hastalığın nedeni, tedavisi ve sonuçları ile ilgili görüşleri içeren 22 maddelik bir form kullanıldı. Görüşler ailelerin nüfus ve hastaların klinik özellikleri ile karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Aile üyelerinin çoğu (%62.0) hastalığın ismini şizofreni ya da psikoz olarak biliyor, %17.5'u ise hastalığın ismini bilmiyordu. Şizofreninin bir beyin hastalığı, ruhsal bir hastalık ve kişilik bozukluğu olduğu sırasıyla %87.7, %95.9 ve %67.5 oranlarında doğru bulundu. Tüm katılımcılar ilaç tedavisinin mutlaka uygulanması gerektiğini işaretledi. Hastalık ve iyileşmeyle ilgili büyüsel atıflar yaklaşık %27.7 oranında ve ailelerin eğitim düzeyi ile ilişkili olarak saptandı. Hastalığın süresi, hastane yatış sayısı, ailede başka bir psikotik hastanın olması, aile üyesinin eğitim düzeyi ve cinsiyeti görüşler üzerinde anlamlı etkide bulundu.

Sonuç: Hastaların klinik özellikleri ve aile üyelerinin nüfus özellikleri ailelerin bilgi ve görüşleri üzerinde etkili bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları ruhsal eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesinde yararlı olabilir.
Relatives' Knowledge and Opinions About Schizophrenia
Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the knowledge and opinions of schizophrenic patients' relatives regarding the disorder, its causes, treatment methods, and treatment outcomes, as well as to determine the variables that affected their knowledge and opinions.

Method: Data were collected by contacting 332 family members living with schizophrenia outpatients that were treated in 2 different healthcare institutions. A questionnaire form was administered to collect data from the family members regarding demographic features, patients' clinical features, and family members' knowledge of the diagnostics of schizophrenia. The questionnaire also contained 22 statements regarding the etiology, treatment methods, and treatment outcomes of schizophrenia. The data were compared in relation to the demographic features of the relatives and the clinical features of the patients.

Results: Most of the family members (62%) referred to the disorder as schizophrenia or psychosis, and 17.5% did not know the name of the disorder. Family members thought schizophrenia was a brain disorder (87.7%), a psychological disorder (95.9%), or a personality disorder (67.5%). All participants agreed with the statement, ?medical treatment must be followed?. Magical attributions were believed to be involved in the disorder's onset and its treatment by 27.7% of the participants; this belief was correlated with level of education. Duration of the disorder, number of hospitalizations, existence of another psychotic patient in the family, level of education of the family members, and gender were significant predictors for their opinions.

Conclusion: Clinical features of the patients and demographic features of the family members have a significant effect on the family members' knowledge and opinions. Outcomes of the present study could be used in the development of psychoeducational programs.

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