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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 46; Sayı: Özel>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2009;46(Özel):15-24
Şizofreni Hastalarında İşlevsel İyileşme Ölçeğinin Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
B Emiroğlu, G Karadayı, Ö Aydemir, A Üçok
İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Şizofrenide işlevsellik, remisyon gibi kavramlar giderek daha fazla araştırmaya konu olmaktadır. Buna paralel olarak ağır ruhsal bozukluklarda, işlevselliğin ölçülebilmesi amacıyla ülkemizde ve dünyada sayıları gittikçe artan ölçekler geliştirilmektedir. İşlevsel remisyon, şizofreni hastalarının bağımsız yaşamalarına olanak sağlayan, ebeveynlerine, iş hayatlarına, kişiler arası ilişkilerine, sosyal ortamlara yeniden uyum sağlamaya yönelik önemli bir tedavi amacıdır. Bu nedenle, klinik çalışmalarda ve hasta değerlendirmelerinde kullanım için uygun Fransızca dilinde geliştirilmiş olan, Şizofrenide İşlevsel İyileşme Ölçeği’nin Türkiye koşullarına uygun geçerlilik, güvenilirlik çalışmasının yapılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalında ayaktan ve yatarak tedavi gören 102 şizofreni hastası çalışmaya alınmıştır. Araştırmada Şizofreni Hastalarında İşlevsel İyileşme Ölçeği’nin (ŞİLÖ) güvenilirlik çalışması için, genel toplam ve alt ölçeklerin, iç tutarlık kat sayıları, madde analizi işlemleri ve görüşmeciler arası güvenilirlik katsayısı; geçerlilik çalışmaları içinse faktör analizi, kapsam geçerliliği ve kriter geçerliliği hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Kriter ve kapsam geçerliliğinin sınanması için Şizofreni Hastalarında İşlevsel İyileşme Ölçeği’nin yanı sıra, Şizofreni Hastalarında Yaşam Niteliği (QLS) Ölçeği ve hastanın klinik belirti şiddetini belirlemek için Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği (PANSS) kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Ölçeğin güvenilirlik analizinde, en yüksek iç tutarlılık katsayısı Cronbach Alpha metoduyla bulunmuştur (0.89). En düşük iç tutarlılık katsayısı ise Guttman tekniğiyle elde edilmiştir (0.86). Şizofreni Hastalarında İşlevsel İyileşme Ölçeğinin genel toplamı için yapılan madde analiz işlem sonuçları incelendiğinde, ölçeği oluşturan tüm maddeler; madde toplam, madde kalan ve ayırt edicilikten oluşan üç teknikte de 0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı sonuç verdiği için bu maddelerin mükemmel olduğu ve ölçekte kalabileceğine karar verilmiştir (p<0.01). ŞİLÖ ile Yaşam Niteliği Ölçeği arasındaki kriter geçerliliği yapılmış ve yüksek düzeyde korelasyon göstermiştir (r=0.82, p< 0.0001). ŞİLÖ ile PANSS ölçeği arasında da iyi düzeyde korelasyon bulunmuştur (r =- 0.51, p< 0.001).

Sonuç: Şizofreni Hastalarında İşlevsel İyileşme Ölçeği’nin Türkçe versiyonu şizofreni hastaların işlevsel iyileşme düzeylerini, güvenilir ve geçerli düzeyde ölçebilecek bir ölçektir.
Validation of the Turkish Version of the “Functional Remission of General Schizophrenia” (FROGS) Scale
Objective: The concepts of functionality and remission in schizophrenia are being subject for a substantial amount of research. At the same time, an increasing number of scales are developed in our country and worldwide, which are intended to measure the level of functionality in severe mental disorders. Functional remission is an important goal of treatment, which provides possibility of an autonomous lifestyle for schizophrenia patients, allowing them to readapt to their relationships with parents, work life, other interpersonal communications and social environments. The “Functional Remission of General Schizophrenia” (FROGS) Scale was developed in French and is suitable for use in research as well as for clinical evaluation of patients. We intended to carry out a validity and reliability study on this scale in order to make it eligible for use in the conditions within Turkey.

Methods: 102 schizophrenia patients, either inpatients or outpatients, receiving treatment in the Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry Department, were included in the study. In this research, reliability of the “Functional Remission of General Schizophrenia” (FROGS) Scale was assessed by investigating the internal consistency coefficients and item analysis procedures of every subscale and interrater reliability coefficient, whereas validity was evaluated by factor analysis, content validity and criterion validity. In order to test the criterion and content validities in addition to the FROGS Scale, the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) was used and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was aplied to determine the symptom severity.

Results: Within the reliability analysis, the highest internal consistency coefficient of the scale (0.89) was found using Cronbach’s Alpha method. The lowest internal consistency coefficient (0.86) was obtained with Guttman’s split-half technique. The investigation of the item analysis results of the “Functional Remission of General Schizophrenia” (FROGS) Scale has shown that all of the items which the scale consists of are significant at 0.01 level when they are assessed using all three methods of item total, item remainder and distinctiveness (p<0.01). Therefore, it was decided that those items are excellent and they should be included in the scale. Criterion validity analysis was carried out between the FROGS Scale and the Quality of Life Scale and a high level of correlation was observed (r=0.82, p<0.0001). A good level of correlation was found between the FROGS Scale and PANSS, as well (r =- 0.51, p<0.001).

Conclusion: The Turkish version of the “Functional Remission of General Schizophrenia” (FROGS) Scale is a tool which can assess the functional remission of schizophrenia patients in a reliable and valid level.

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