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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2010;21(1):5-13
Pratisyen Hekimler Alkol Kullanım Sorunları Olan Hastaları Tanıyor ve Tedavi Ediyorlar Mı?
Y Akvardar, R Uçku, B Ünal, T Günay, BB Akdede, G Ergör, K Alptekin, Z Tunca
Dokuz Eylül Ü. Tıp Fak.
Amaç: Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde çalışan pratisyen hekimlerin alkol kullanım bozuklukları konusunda bilgi, tutum ve davranış özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı, kesitsel araştırmada 135 pratisyen hekime anket uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: Alkol kullanım bozuklukları konusunda mezuniyet öncesi ve sonrası eğitim görme oranı düşüktür (sırasıyla %25.4 ve %11.7). Hekimler riskli alkol kullanımı düzeylerini, tarama testlerini, biyokimyasal belirteçleri bilmemektedir. Bilgi puanı ortalaması 6.67±1.70'dir. Hekimlerin çoğu, birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde alkol kullanımının önemli bir sorun olmadığını (%57.0), hastalarının alkol sorunları ile uğraşmak için zamanlarının olmadığını (%74.1), aşırı alkol tüketiminin açık belirtilerini taşımayan riskli içicileri tanımanın zor olduğunu (%91.1), hastaların alkol kullanımına ilişkin önerileri yerine getirmeyip davranışlarını değiştirmediklerini (%85.2) ve doktorların alkole karşı hoşgörülü olduklarını düşünmektedir (%71.1). Hekimlerin yarısı, alkol tüketimi hakkında soru sormanın hastaları kızdıracağını ve hastalarla alkol kullanımı hakkında konuşmanın kendilerine zor geldiğini belirtmiştir. Tutum puanı ortalaması 4.44±2.15 bulunmuştur. Alkol kötüye kullanımı tanısının uygun olduğu hasta senaryosunda, çoğu hekim, hastaya alkol kullanımı ile ilgili sorular soracağını (%91.7), sorunlarının alkolle ilişkili olduğunu söyleyeceklerini (%90.2), alkol kullanımı ile ilgili bir uzmana/merkeze sevk edeceklerini (%58.5) belirtmişlerdir. Davranış puanı ortalaması 5.96±1.46'dır.

Sonuç: Ülkemizde pratisyen hekimler için, alkol kullanım sorununa müdahaledeki önemli rolleri nedeniyle, daha fazla destek ve eğitime gereksinim olduğu görülmektedir.
Do General Practitioners Diagnose and Treat Patients With Alcohol Use Problems?
Aim: To determine the primary health care working general practitioners? knowledge, attitude and behavior towards alcohol use disorders.

Method: In this descriptive and cross-sectional study 135 general practitioners (GPs) completed the questionnaire.

Results: Pre and post graduate education on alcohol use disorders is low (25.4 % and 11.7% respectively). Most of the GPs do not know the levels of risky alcohol use, screening tests, and biochemical markers. The mean knowledge score is 6.67±1.70. Most GPs think that alcohol use disorders are not an important issue in primary health care (57%), they do not have time to deal with patients? alcohol problems (74.1%), it is difficult to diagnose risky alcohol users without clear symptoms (91.1%), patients do not follow advice on alcohol use (85.2%), and physicians themselves are tolerant towards alcohol (71.1%). Half of the GPs reported that they find it difficult to talk about alcohol use with patients and think that patients may be angered by alcohol consumption questions. Mean attitude score is 4.44±2.15. Most of the GPs reported that they would ask questions about alcohol use to their patients (91.7%) and declare that the patients? problems were related to alcohol (90.2%). More than half of them reported that they would refer the patient to a specialist or an alcohol treatment center (58.5%). The mean behavior score is 5.96±1.46.

Conclusion: In our country it is clear that more education and support for GPs is needed due to their important role in intervention for alcohol use problems.

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