Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2009; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;12(3):147-152
Kronik Ağrı Yakınması Olan ve Osteomiyelit Belirtileriyle Kendini Gösteren Bir Yapay Bozukluk Olgusu
S Şahin, B Kaya
Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
Yapay Bozukluk (YB) fizik ya da psikolojik belirti ya da
bulguların amaçlı olarak ortaya çıkarılması, bu davranışın
altında yatan motivasyonun hasta rolünün benimsenmesi
ve böyle davranmayı gerektiren dış etken olmaması
olarak tanımlanmaktadır. YB sahip olan hasta birçok hastaneye
akut ve genellikle kurgusal hastalıkları taklit
ederek başvurur. Tanı ve tedavi amaçlı birçok tehlikeli
işlem uygulanır. YB'un gizli doğası geleneksel epidemiyolojik
çalışmaları engellediğinden, bozukluğun sıklığı ve
yaygınlığı bilinmemektedir. Bu nedenle vaka serileri çok
değerlidir. Bu yazıda tıbbi açıklama getirilemeyen ve
olağan tedavilere yanıt vermeyen ağrı yakınmaları ile
kendini gösteren, osteomiyelit şüphesiyle birçok tıbbi ve
cerrahi girişime maruz kalan bir olgu var olan kaynaklar
çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır. Olgumuzun tıbbi yardım
almaya istekli olması, hastalık belirtilerini sürekli biçimde
anlatma eğilimi, birçok istemli tıbbi ve cerrahi girişim
öyküsünün bulunması, bu konudaki isteklerinin devam
etmesi DSM-IV-TR ölçütlerine göre 'fiziksel belirtilerle
giden YB' tanısını düşündürmüştür. Hekimin hedefi bu
psikiyatrik durumu erken tanımak olmalıdır. Doğru tanı
ve uygun bakım için YB'dan şüphelenilmesi önemlidir.
Olgularda erken dönemde tanı koyup tedaviye başlama
zarar görme riskini azaltmaktadır. Ancak YB'un gözden
kaçması ya da geç tanı konması pahalı ve tehlikeli kronik
bir hastalığa dönüşmesine neden olur. Kaynaklarda
yapay bozukluğun tedavisi ile ilgili kesin bir yaklaşım
olmadığı, klinik gidişinin kötü olduğu belirtilmektedir
A Case Report of Factitious Disorder with Osteomyelitis Symptomatology and Chronic Pain
Factitious Disorder (FD) is characterized by physical or
psychological symptoms that are intentionally produced
or feigned in order to assume the sick role. External
incentives for the behaviour are absent. The patients
with this syndrome may visit several hospitals feigning
acute, usually spectacular illnesses. They may undergo
multiple dangerous operations for diagnostic and therapeutic
reasons. Because FD's secretive nature thwarts traditional
epidemiological research, the incidence and
prevalence of FD with predominantly physical symptoms
are unknown and case series are an invaluable data
source for it. In the presenting case presence of the following
factors raised the possibility that the patient has
factitious disorder with physical symptoms according to
DSM IV-TR criteria: no change or fluctuation of the
course of the "illness" despite treatment, to be disposed
to get medical help, prone to explain the symptoms,
long medical record with multiple admissions at various
hospitals, willing to undergo painful or risky tests and
operations. The goal of the physician is early recognition
of the psychiatric condition. A high index of suspicion is
needed for correct diagnosis and care. Early detection
and treatment of the cases is essential to prevent the
risk of harm. However, when FD is missed or untreated,
it can become a chronic syndrome that is expensive and
potentially dangerous. In literature, no clearly effective
treatments are present and it is emphasized that the
prognosis is bad.

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