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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;12(2):79-89
DEHB ve Otizm ile İlgili Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Damgalama: Sınıf Öğretmenleri ve Ebeveynlerle Çok Merkezli Bir Çalışma
K Karabekiroğlu, NC Memik, ÖÖ Özel, F Toros, D Öztop, B Özbaran, EÇ Kültür, S Akbaş, GN Taşdemir, M Ayaz, C Aydın, T Bildik, S Erermiş, AK Yaman
Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Anabilim Dalı, Samsun
Amaç: Çocuk psikiyatrisi kliniklerine gelen hastaların ebeveynleri ve öğretmenleri arasında dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) ve otizm ile ilgili yanlış değerlendirmeler ve damgalamanın (STİGMA) incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Türkiye’nin farklı coğrafi bölgelerdeki yedi üniversite hastanesi çocuk psikiyatrisi kliniğine gelen hastaların ebeveynleri ve öğretmenleri çalışmaya alınmıştır. Ebeveynler (n:666) ve öğretmenler (n:453) STIGMA’yı incelemek üzere yazarlar tarafından hazırlanan DEHB ve Otizmle ilgili Anketleri doldurmuşlardır. Bulgular: Tüm grupta DEHB’ye ilişkin “damgalama” düzeyi otizme ilişkin “damgalama” (r: .37, p<0.001) ve DEHB’ye ilişkin “yanlış değerlendirme” (r:.25, p<0.001) düzeyleri ile anlamlı bir korelasyon göstermiştir. Öğretmenler arasında, doğu illerinde ve eğitim düzeyi daha düşük ailelerde STIGMA düzeyi daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bulgular bilginin kaynağı, içeriği ve düzeyinin güvenilirliği azaldıkça DEHB ve otizme ilişkin yanlış değerlendirme ve damgalama düzeyinin arttığını ortaya koymaktadır. Yanlış bilgilenme ve damgalamanın azaltılması için ebeveynlere ve öğretmenlere yönelik yapılandırılmış eğitim programlarının faydalı olacaktır.
Stigmatization and Misinterpretations on ADHD and Auti sm: A Multi-Central Study with Elementary School Teachers and Parents
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the "level of misinterpretations
and stigmatization on attentiondeficit/
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism" (stigma)
in elementary school teachers and parents of children
who admitted to child psychiatry out-patient clinics.
Method: This study was carried out in the child and
adolescent psychiatry clinics of seven university hospitals
from each geographical regions of Turkey. Parents
(n:666) and teachers (n:453) were given the questionnaires
on ADHD and autism, which were developed by
the authors to assess the STIGMA. Results: The level of
stigmatization on ADHD was significantly correlated
with the level of stigmatization on autism (r: .37,
p<0.001) and with the level of misinterpretation on
ADHD (r:.25, p<0.001) among teachers and parents.
STIGMA was significantly higher among teachers, in
eastern provinces and in parents with lower education
level. More than half of the teachers denoted that the
medication used for ADHD would have serious side
effects and even with treatment ADHD would not sufficiently
improve, and the children diagnosed with ADHD
or autism should be trained at separate classes.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the misinterpretations
and stigmatization on ADHD and autism are more
prevalent as the source, components and the level of
information are not reliable. The parents and teachers
may benefit from structured educative programs in
order to get rid of wrong assumptions and stigma.

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