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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 20; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;20(3):282-293
Bipolar Bozuklukla İlgili Genetik Araştırmalar: Bir Gözden Geçirme
Ö Arısoy, ET Oral
Abant İzzet Baysal Ü İzzet Baysal Tıp Fak., Psikiyatri AD., Bolu
Bipolar Bozukluk (BPB), toplumun yaklaşık % 1'i ni etkileyen, manik ve depresif dönemlerle seyreden bir rahatsızlıktır. BPB'un nedeni halen tam olarak aydınlatılamamış olmakla birlikte; BPB'ta genetik faktörlerin merkezi bir rolü olduğu bilinmektedir. Bugüne kadar BPB ile ilgili pek çok araştırma yapılmış olup, BPB'un genetik yatkınlığına dair ilk veriler genetik epidemiyolojik araştırmalardan (aile, ikiz, evlat edinme çalışmaları) elde edilmiştir. Daha sonraları yapılan moleküler genetik araştırmalar da bu epidemiyolojik verileri desteklemiş ve pek çok kromozomal bölge BPB ile bağlantılı bulunmuştur ancak bozukluğa yol açan tek bir gen henüz saptanabilmiş değildir. Bunun nedeni, BPB'ta birden fazla genin çevre faktörleriyle etkileşimi sonucunda rahatsızlığın ortaya çıkması olup, bütün bu veriler BPB'un karmaşık bir genetiği olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu yazıda, BPB'un genetik temelleri ile ilgili bugüne kadar yapılmış araştırmaları gözden geçirmek amacıyla medline veri tabanında Türkçe karşılıkları ?bipolar, genetik, kromozom? olan anahtar kelimeler ile literatür taraması yapılmış ve öncelikle pozitif sonuç elde edilen çalışmalar ele alınarak bu çalışmalarda bulunan sonuçlar sistematik olarak gözden geçirilmiş ve her bir kromozom için tek tek özetlenmiş, elde edilen bulguların niçin birbirini desteklemediğine kısaca değinilmiş ve bundan sonra yapılması düşünülen genetik araştırmalarda hangi noktalara dikkat edilmesi gerektiğinden bahsedilmiştir.
Genetic Studies of Bipolar Disorder: A Review
Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness that afflicts approximately 1% of the world's population, and is characterized by mood swings from elation to depression. Although the etiology of bipolar disorder remains unclear, heritable factors have been shown to be involved. Family, twin, and adoption studies suggest a genetic etiology. Molecular genetic studies also support a genetic component. Many chromosomal regions have been implicated by these molecular genetic studies, but no single susceptibility gene has been identified. These findings show that bipolar disorder has a complex genetic etiology in which multiple unidentified genes and environmental factors play an important role in its pathogenesis. Herein, molecular genetic studies of bipolar disorder are reviewed based on a search of Medline using the key words, bipolar, genetic, and chromosome. Studies with positive results for bipolar disorder were selected first. The findings from these molecular genetic studies are reviewed systematically, chromosome by chromosome. Causes of the differences between the reported findings and of non-replication are discussed. Finally, important factors for designing a genetic study of bipolar disorder are examined.

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