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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 47; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2009;47(3):147-154
Epilepsi Tanısı İle Takip Edilen Kişilerde Psikiyatrik Hastalıklar ve Bunun Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
H Neze, N Havle, MC İlnem, F Yener
Bakırköy Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi 7. Psikiyatri Kliniği İSTANBUL
Amaç: Epileptikler hastalıklarını doğası gereği hayatlarının pek çok alanında zorlukla karşılaşmaktadır. Stigmatizasyon, sosyal yalıtım, düşük sosyoekonomik düzey ve ek psikiyatrik bozukluklar bunların sadece bir kısmıdır. Ne yazık ki sıklıkla da komorbid psikiyatrik bozukluklar atlanmakta ve böylece tedavi edilememektedir.
Yöntem: Çalışmamıza Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı Ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi epilepsi polikliniğinde takip edilen epilepsi tanısı olan 93 hasta alınmıştır. Bu gruptan psikiyatrik komorbitesi olan 30 epilepsi hastası, komorbiditesi olmayan 30 epilepsi hastası ile WHOQL-BREEF yaşam kalitesi ölçeği kullanılarak karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmada komorbiditesi olan epilepsi hastalarının sayısı 30 olacak şekilde toplam 93 epilepsi hastası ile görüşülmüş olup, psikiyatrik komorbidite oranı %32 olarak tesbit edilmiştir. Komorbidite olarak en sık depresif duygudurumlu uyum bozukluğuna rastlanılmıştır. Epilepsi hastalarında tesbit edilen depresyona yatkınlık sosyal destek eksikliği, düşük benlik saygısı, epilepsiye bağlı stigmatizasyon, nöbetler nedeniyle ortaya çıkan kontrol duygusunun yitimi ve hastalık nedeniyle iş veya ehliyet sâhibi olamama gibi birçok psikososyal nedene bağlıdır. Komorbidite tanıları arasında en sık depresif duygudurumlu uyum bozukluğuna rastlanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda da epileptik hastalarda en sık rastlanılan psikiyatrik bozukluğun duygulanımsal değişiklikler [özellikle de depresyon] olduğu bildirilmektedir.
WHOQL-BREF ölçeği ile değerlendirilen epilepsi hastalarından komorbid psikiyatrik hastalığı olan grupta yaşam kalitesinin daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur.
Tartışma ve Sonuç: Çalışmaya alınan epilepsi hastalarının direkt olarak sorulmadığı takdirde psikiyatrik sorunlarını belirtmedikleri bu nedenle yaşam kalitesini bozan ve tedavi maliyetini arttıran bir durumla karşılaşıldığı fark edilmiştir. Ayrıca epilepsi hastalarında özellikle postiktal depresyon durumunda özkıyım girişimlerinin sık olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle epilepsi polikliniğine başvuran hastalar ile ayrıntılı psikiyatrik görüşme yapılması ve tesbit edilen psikiyatrik bozukluklarının tedavisi, hastaların yaşam kalitesini belirgin şekilde arttıracağı gibi, yaşam sürelerini de uzatacaktır.
Psychiatric Diseases and Their Effect on the Life Quality of Epilepsy Patients
Objective: Epileptic patients as for the nature of their disease face difficulties in many areas of their lives. Stigmatization, social isolation, low socioeconomic status and psychiatric comorbidity are only some of these. Unfortunately psychiatric comorbidity is frequently unrecognized. Method: 93 patients with diagnoses of epilepsy, followed by epilepsy outpatients' service of Bakirköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Hospital were accepted for our study. 30 epilepsy patients with psychiatric comorbidity were companioned with 30 epileptic patients without psychiatric comorbidity using WHOQL-BREEF quality of life scale. Findings: In this study 93 epilepsy patients have been interviewed of which 30 have comorbidity. That is a ratio of 32% of the patients having psychiatric comorbidity. In comorbidity case, orientation disorders are most often depression related. The higher chance of depression among epilepsy patients can be related to the following psychosocial reasons: lack of social support
- low self-esteem
- epilepsy related stigmatization
- feeling of loss of control due to the epilepsy fits
- inability to perform job or abilities because of disease
In comorbidity problems most often we come across depression related orientation disorders. In this study on epileptic patients most often we see changes that are affected by the psychiatric disorder [especially depression].
Among the epilepsy patients that were measured according to WHOQL-BREF it was found that the patients that have comorbidity have the lowest quality of life.
Discussion and Conclusion: It was found that epilepsy patients, who were not asked directly about it, didn't mention their psychological problems. Thus it was determined that it decreases their quality of life and increases the cost of treatment.
Besides this especially epilepsy patients that have a postictal depression often attempt suicide. For this reason the patients coming to the epilepsy polyclinic need to be assessed in psychiatric meetings and the treatment of the established psychiatric disorders will not only significantly increase their quality of life but also prolong their life time.

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