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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 47; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2009;47(3):142-146
Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı Kliniğine Başvuran Ergen Hastaların Özellikleri
G Çelik, A Tahiroğlu, A Avcı, G Seydaoğlu
Ç.Ü.T.F Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, ADANA
Amaç: Bu çalışmada 2004-2005 yılları arasında Çukurova Üniversitesi Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı'nda tedavi edilen ergenlerin psikiyatrik tanıları ve bu tanıların yaş, cinsiyet, eş tanı gibi değişkenlerle ilişkilerinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir.
Yöntem: çalışmaya 12-18 yaşlarında 297 ergen alınmıştır. Bilgiler olgu dosyalarının geriye dönük incelenmesi ile toplanmıştır. Psikometrik ölçümler Çocukluk Depresyon Ölçeği, Maudsley Obsesyon Kompulsiyon Soru Listesi, Çocuk Durumluluk Süreklilik Kaygı Envanteri-1 ve 2, Klinik Global İzlem, Conners Aile Derecelendirme Ölçeği, Conners Öğretmen Derecelendirme Ölçeğidir. Veriler SPSS 11.0 paket programı ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmada olguların 171'i [%57.6] erkek, 126'sı [%42.4] kızdı. Olguların ortalama yaşı 13.3±1.1 idi. Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu [DEHB] en önde gelen tanı grubuydu; bunu anksiyete bozuklukları ve duygudurum bozukluları izlemekteydi. DEHB, mental retardasyon, davranım bozukluğu, ergenlik sorunları erkeklerde daha sık görülürken, duygu durum bozuklukları kızlarda daha sıktı. Çocukluk Depresyon Ölçeği, Maudsley Obsesyon Kompulsivyon Soru Listesi, Çocuk Durumluluk Süreklilik Kaygı Envanteri-1 ve 2 ortalamaları erkeklerde anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. 189 hastaya en az bir psikiyatrik bozukluk eşlik ediyordu. En yaygın eş tanılar DEHB için mental retardasyon, duygudurum bozuklukları için anksiyete bozukluları ve anksiyete bozukluları için diğer bir anksiyete bozukluğu olarak belirlendi. Eş tanıların varlığı ve hastalık şiddeti arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmaktaydı.
Tartışma: Önceki çalışmalarla benzer şekilde çocuk ve ergen ruh sağlığı alanında en sık başvuruları DEHB ve davranım bozukluğu oluşturmaktadır. Eş ruhsal tanıların beklenildiğinden daha fazla görüldüğü ve bunun klinik şiddeti etkilediği görülmüştür. Bu durum çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrik bozuklukların tanınmasında ve tedavi seçiminde eş tanı etkeninin önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç: Ergenlik döneminde görülen psikiyatrik bozukluklar, erişkin yaşamda kalıcı olabilir ve bireyin yaşam kalitesini belirgin şekilde etkileyebilir. Hasta değerlendirmede tanısal sınıflandırma ile birlikte gelişimsel özellikler, yaş, cinsiyet ve eş tanı gibi değişkenler göz önüne alınmalıdır. Bu dönemdeki ruhsal bozuklukların ve belirtilerinin önceden tanınması ve tedavi edilmesi toplum sağlığı açısından koruyucu olabilir.
The Characteristics of Adolescents Who Referred To Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic
Objective: The aims of this study are to determine the relation among psychiatric and co-morbid diagnosis, age, gender in the adolescent who were treated in Çukurova University Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department in 2004-2005.
Method: participants were 297 adolescent who were 12-18 [year]s old. Cases were collected from patient files as retrospectively. Psychometric scales were Child depression inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children 1 and 2, Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Questionnaire, Conner's Parent Rating Scale, and Conner's Teacher Rating Scales. Statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS windows [11.00] pocket program.
Findings: 171 [57.6%] of cases were boys and 126 [42.4%] were girls. Average age was 13.3±1.1. The most common diagnose was Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD] followed by anxiety disorders and mood disorders. While ADHD, anxiety disorders, mental retardation and adolescence difficulties were more common in boys, mood disorders were more common in girls. Child depression inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children 1 and 2, Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Questionnaire of boys were significantly higher than girls. 189 cases had least one co-morbid disorder. The most common comorbid diagnose was mental retardation ADHD, anxiety disorders in mood disorders and another anxiety disorder in anxiety disorders. There were positive correlation between to have comorbid diagnose and symptom severity.
Discussion: In this study similarly priority findings ADHD and conduct disorder were most common diagnosis. Clinical severity of disorders was associated comorbid diagnosis that seen very often than expected results; thereby comorbidities are important diagnosing and treating psychiatric conditions.
Conclusion: Mental disorders seen during adolescence may be persistent in adult lifetime and may affect individual life quality. That symptoms and findings of disorders diagnosed and treated priority may be protective about public health. In addition to diagnostic classification should have taken into account the other variables such as developmental properties, age, gender, comorbidity when evaluating of adolescence patient.

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