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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;10(3):204-211
Şizoaffektif bozukluk hastalarının sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi
O Vırıt, MH Kokaçya, F Bülbül, S Çıtak, HA Savaş
Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri ABD, Gaziantep
Amaç: Şizoaffektif bozukluk (ŞAB) ilk tanımlandığından beri, varlığı, tanısal geçerliliği, süreğenliği ve klinik özellikleri tartışılagelmiştir. Bu çalışmada ŞAB�li hastaların sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSM IV-TR�ye göre ŞAB tanısı konmuş 35 hasta alındı. Hastaların dosya kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelenerek veriler elde edildi. Bulgular: Hastaların 71.4%�ü erkek, 28.6%�sı kadındı. Manik nöbet sayısı 3.71±3.04, depresif nöbet sayısı 2.45±1.82 idi. Otuz dört hasta iki uçlu ve bir hasta depresif alt tipti. Hastaların 97.1%�inde sanrı ve 68.6%�sında varsanı kaydedilmiştir. Son tanısı ŞAB olan 35 hastanın birinci ve ikinci tanısal değerlendirmelerinde konulan tanılar sırasıyla, ŞAB 5.7% ve 57.1%, iki uçlu bozukluk 28.2% ve 31.4%, psikoz 54.3% ve 11.4%, depresyon 11.4% ve 0.0% idi. Hastaların 37.1%�inin ailede psikiyatrik bozukluk öyküsü vardı. Hastaların sürmekte olan tedavileri antipsikotik 97.1% (tipik 1, atipik 33 hasta) duygudurum denge-leyici (DD) 40%, DD olmaksızın antipsikotik 60%, antipsikotik+DD 37.1%, sadece DD 2.9%, antidepresan 20%, benzodiyazepin 20%, biperiden 17.1%, risperidon 34.3%, olanzapin 31.4%, ketiyapin 25.7%, lityum 22.9%, valproat 20%, karbamazepin 2.9%, çoklu antipsikotik 28.6%, lityum+valproat 5.7%, antipsikotik+antidepresan 17.1%, antipsikotik+DD+antidepresan 5.7% idi. Geçmiş tedavi öykülerinde ise, antipsikotik 97.1%, DD 54.3%, antidepresan 42.9%, benzodiyazepin 17.1%, biperiden 20% ve lamotrijin 8.6% idi. Hastaların 68.6%�sına daha önce EKT uygulanmıştı. Yatış sayısı erkek hastalarda kadınlara göre daha çoktu. Manik nöbet sayısı ile hastalık süresi ve yatış sayısı arasında pozitif, antidepresan kullanma öyküsü ile manik nöbet sayısı arasında pozitif ve EKT öyküsü ile yatış sayısı arasında negatif ilişki vardı. Tartışma: ŞAB�de tanısal süreğenlik düşük düzeydedir. Hastalar tedavilerini antipsikotik veya antipsikotik ile beraber DD ile sürdürmektedir. Bir kısım hastanın tedavisinde antidepresan ve antianksiyete ilaçlar yer almaktadır. Tedavide ŞAB tanısı için kesitsel değerlendirme ile beraber uzunlamasına değerlendirme de iyi yapılmalıdır. Şizoaffektif depresif alt tipin daha iyi tanınması açısından daha dikkatli olunmalıdır.
Investigation of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with schizoaffective disorder
Objective: Since definition of schizoaffective disorder (SAD), there is disagreement about its presence and diagnostic validity and continuity. This study aimed to investigate sociodemographic and clinical features of SAD patients. Methods: Thirty-five patients were included who were diagnosed with SAD based on the DSM-IV-TR. Medical records were examined retrospectively. Results: 71.4% and 28.6% patients were men and women respectively. Numbers of manic and depressive episodes were 3.71±3.04 and 2.45±1.82 respectively. There were 34 bipolar and one depressive subtypes. Delusions and hallucinations were 97.1% and 68.6% respectively. Out of 35 patients, who were diagnosed with SAD, in their first and second psychiatric assessments in the past, respectively, SAD 5.7% and 57%, bipolar disorder 28.2% and 31.4%, psychosis 54.3% and 11.4%, and depression 11.4% and 0.0%. Positive family psychiatric history was 37.1%. Current medications of patients, antipsychotics 97.1%, mood stabilizer (MS) 40%, antipsychotics without MS 60%, antipsychotics+MS 37.1%, only MS 2.9%, antidepressants 20%, benzodiazepines 20%, biperidene 17.1%, risperidone 34.3%, olanzapine 31.4%, quetiapine 25.7%, lithium 22.9%, valproate 20%, carbamazepine 2.9%, multiply antipsychotics 28.6%, lithium+valproate 5.7%, antipsychotic+antidepressant 17.1%, antipsychotics+MS+antidepressants 5.7%. Previous medication history was antipsychotics 97.1%, MS 54.3%, antidepressants 42.9%, benzodiazepines 17.1%, biperidene 20% and lamotrijine 8.6%. 68.6% of patients received ECT. Men had been more hospitalized than women had. There were positive correlation between number of manic episodes and illness duration and number of hospitalizations, and positive correlation between antidepressants history and number of manic episodes, and negative correlation between number of hospitalizations and ECT. Discussion: The diagnostic continuity was low. Patients continue their medications with antipsychotics or together antipsychotics and MS. There were antidepressants and antianxiety drugs in the treatment of a portion of patients. Longitudinal evaluation should be conducted properly besides evaluation of presenting symptoms in SAD. Clinicians should be more careful not to miss the diagnosis of depressive subtype.

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