Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2009; Cilt: 10; Sayı: Ek 1>> Özet
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;10(Ek 1):49-50
Bağımlılıkta emosyonlar
İ Balcıoğlu
İstanbul Üniversitesi
Emosyonel bir uyaran kişinin bedeninde çeşitli değişikliklere yol açar. Emosyonlar, bu değişik-liklerin bilinçli olarak farkına varıldığında ortaya çıkar. Öte yandan, nörofizyolojik olarak beyinde ve vücudumuzda da çeşitli değişiklikler ortaya çıkar. Bu değişiklikler özellikle hipotalamopituiter aks, otonom sinir sistemi ve santral noradrenerjik sistemlerdedir. Kortikostriatolimbik yolaklar motivasyon, öğrenme ve adaptasyon sistemlerini şekillendirir. Bağımlılık süreci motivasyon-ödül, affekt regülasyonu ve davranış inhibisyonu sistemlerinin bozulmasıyla karakterizedir. Mezolimbik dopamin, glutamat, GABA yolakları stresin tetiklediği bağımlılıkta rol oynar. Endokanaboid sistem de GABA, glutamat ve dopamin üzerinden emosyonları, strese verilen anksiyete yanıtlarını ve anhedonik duygudurumu belirleyici olabilir. Endokanaboid sistem talebe göre çalışır, çevresel uyaranlar bile organizmanın emosyonel durumuna bağımlıdır. Dışarıdan alınan kannaboidlere verilen emosyonel yanıtlar hoş ve keyif verici olduğu gibi, zamanla entrensek sistemlerin bozulmasıyla birlikte anksiyete ve paniğe de yol açabilir. Bunun sonucunda depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları ortaya çıkabilir.
Emotions in dependence
An emotional stimulus produces body changes as a response. Emotions have their origin in the conscious perception of these changes. Meanwhile, some other neurophysiological changes occur in the body and brain, mainly in the hypo-thalamic-pituitary axis, the autonomous nerve system and the central noradrenergic system. Corticostriatolimbic pathways create motivation, learning and adaptive responses. Addiction process consists of three mechanisms: motivation-reward, affect dysregulation and behavioral desinhibition. Mesolimbic dopamine, glutamate, GABA pathways play a role in addiction. Endocannaboid system works upon the need of the organism, meaning that even the environmental stimuli depend on the emotional status. It regulates emotions, anxiety responses and the mood via GABA, glutamate and dopamine pathways. Sometimes cannaboid drugs are enjoyable; but once the intrinsic regulation is disrupted, they may induce anxiety and panic reactions and further depression and anxiety disorders.

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